One Word Substitution in English is very important to convey your message in short. one word substitution examples will help you understand in detail.
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1000 One Word Substitution
| optimist | a person who looks at the bright side of things | Still, optimist that I am, I’m feeling hopeful about the future. |
| pessimist | a person who looks at the dark side of things | I said, “Mr. Mahaltra, are you an optimist or a pessimist?” |
| fauna | all the animals living in a particular area | Pages from Roosevelt’s field notes of the flora and fauna of New York, New Jersey, and Vermont, plus his hand-drawn map. |
| flora | plants and vegetation in a particular area | Thus, New Guineans have had ample opportunity to get to know their local flora and fauna. |
| customs | a government tax on goods brought into the country | The term mass incarceration refers not only to the criminal justice system but also to the larger web of laws, rules, policies, and customs that control those labeled criminals both in and out of prison. |
| excise | a government tax on goods made within a country | Like most Americans, when I was in school, I never read about the murders in any books; it was as if these crimes had been excised from history. |
| extrovert | a person who is more interested in others | Skeet was an extrovert, a goofball, a practical joker. |
| introvert | a person who keeps himself to himself | They had not brains enough to be introverted and repressed. |
| innocuous | that which cannot be harmful or dangerous | He kicks his foot innocently where it’s dangling over the armrest, like he’s asking something as innocuous as the weather. |
| insidious | causing serious harm in gradual or unnoticeable way | I mean the insidious, demoralizing fear of betrayal, of treachery, of cruelty, of being silenced. |
| examinee | a person who is taking examination | A polygraph examination demonstrates “that the examinee believes her own story.” |
| examiner | a person who examine the copies of examinees | She even told the examiners what she thought the inkblots on the Rorschach tests looked like. |
| garrulous | a person who talks too much | Traveling creatures, migratory birds, wandering foxes, rambling squirrels and garrulous hares”they all stopped and chatted with the old mouse, partaking of his hospitality, never dreaming of hurting him in any way. |
| glutton | a person who eats too much | He was also arrogant and vain, it seemed to Asha, hungry for glory, deaf to caution, a glutton for praise, and contemptuous of smallfolk, wolves, and women. |
| deflect | to suddenly change direction | Henry doesn’t want the spotlight, and Pez naturally absorbs what Henry deflects. |
| meander | to keep on changing direction during movement | It meandered a bit, then settled down into one of the rosettes and went to sleep. |
| intuition | ability to know something on the basis of feelings rather than reasoning | The next time I went into one of those games, intuition told me to stick my gun under my belt right down the middle of my back. |
| ventriloquism | ability to speak without moving your lips | As usual, she spoke without moving her mouth, which could only have been creepier if she’d had a ventriloquism puppet. |
| amend | to change a law in order to improve it | By that, I mean I thought privately that we should have amended, or relaxed, our general non-engagement policy. |
| emend | to correct the mistakes in manuscript, etc. | “They can’t leave them,” said I, and then, emending: “We. We cannot be.” |
| septuagenarian | a person between 70 and 79 years old | The lawyers finally convinced a judge that a septuagenarian staying at a hotel would not need to loot a store for sausages. |
| octogenarian | a person between 80 and 89 years old | He sipped his coffee as delicately as a debutante, as slowly as an octogenarian. |
| vertebrate | animals having spinal column | Like the wheel trees themselves, and the way their bodies are formed”they’re not vertebrates, they don’t have a spine. |
| pachyderm | an animal with thick skin | And when I did, the sharp edge of the pachyderm’s trunk sliced right into my glabella. |
| compliance | obeying rules and requests | The lack of treatment makes compliance with the myriad rules that define prison life impossible for many disabled people. |
| defiance | open refusal to obey | To be honest, Jinjoo’s interest in the church only grew in defiance of their mother. |
| matrimony | the state of being married | “It says here I must not contract matrimony. After all, when a man is twelve…” |
| bachelorhood | the state of being unmarried | Finally, to prove his bachelorhood as well as to indulge himself in a real bed, he invited her to his room. |
| widow | a woman whose husband has died | “Why, I’d give anything for a widow’s peak,’ she would say, “I’d give a plate of cookies,’ and off she would waddle”for she was tiny-footed and too plump”and come back with the cookies. |
| widower | a man whose wife has died | Billy has gone to sleep a senile widower and awakened on his wedding day. |
| heterogeneous | things of different nature | Second, developmental sequences are not invariant, so examples pigeonholed under the same stage are inevitably heterogeneous. |
| homogeneous | things of same nature | Their gene pool was correspondingly restricted, which meant that Indian biochemistry was and is unusually homogeneous. |
| hymn | a religious song | She knew the hymn,- her mother had taught it to her once, a long time ago in Winterfell. |
| lullaby | a pleasant song used for causing children to sleep | Nearby, a woman sang a lullaby to a baby. |
| appreciate | to rise in value | “I’m sorry. I didn’t know,” I said again, not appreciating yet how keenly this man took his responsibilities. |
| depreciate | to go down in value | Here Dad would stop long enough to give his version of a depreciating moue, and hide his face coyly behind an upraised elbow. |
| anorexia | a disorder in which person eats too less because of abnormal fear of being fat | When an animal began showing signs of anorexia, its condition deteriorated rapidly. |
| bulimia | a disorder in which person repeatedly eats too much | And later that night, I met my AA sponsor and began working the steps on my bulimia, despite the fact that she had never had an eating disorder. |
| aggravate | to increase the intensity of a disease | The blood inside her is aggravated, trying to get out. |
| deteriorate | to go from bad to worse | It was sad how the richer he got, the more his health deteriorated. |
| kindergarten | a school for small children | From her mom”who needs to wax a mustache”to which kids repeated kindergarten. |
| truant | a student who has left school or class without permission | Chief Heiserman made it a point to speak to the truant officer, who assured him that Cal not only had no record for playing hooky but actually was a very good student. |
| exonerate | to free somebody from all blame | At the cafeteria, where a shrinking slice of my consciousness still resided, Daisy was telling Mychal that his averaging project shouldn’t be about people named Mychal but about imprisoned men who’d later been exonerated. |
| acquit | to free a person from a charge by verdict | State courts overturned his conviction and death sentence, and he was subsequently acquitted of all charges and released. |
| colleague | a co-worker in the same institution | Zosimos warned the other scholars about the scheming of their colleague, the Sorrow Eater. |
| peer | equal in rank | He turned round and peered up at the mountain. |
| sinecure | an office with high salary but no work | But since the then Master of the Mint effectively treated his own post as a sinecure, Newton had a chance to get his hands on the levers of power. |
| honorary | a position in an organization without salary | He fidgets in the lap of his honorary uncle, who sits on a bedcover on the floor, surrounded by guests in front and behind and beside him. |
| audience | an assembly of hearers at a lecture or concert | A show without an audience is nothing, after all. |
| congregation | an assembly of worshippers | “Well,” said Reverend Buckminster, “the congregation must think what it will think.” |
| meadow | a low level tract of uncultivated grassland | Here were acres upon acres of meadow and cow pasture, hard ground cleared for the drilling of militia. |
| oasis | fertile spot in desert | I particularly loved the palm tree, which made me think I had arrived at some kind of oasis. |
| garage | a shed for motor car | Then I jogged to the garage and my lawn mower. |
| granary | a store house for a threshed grain | The granary where Pilar Ternera had read José Arcadio’s future was tom down and another twice as large built so that there would never be a lack of food in the house. |
| increment | an increase in number or amount | As with all pitched warm-ups, start at the bottom of the range and move up in half-step increments and then back down. |
| acceleration | an increase in the speed | In the spring of 1937, he displayed such overwhelming acceleration and stamina that he was never off the lead at any stage of any race. |
| antidote | a medicine that destroys the effect of poison | “I administered, an antidote but hours ago. Do not try to rise yet.” |
| antiseptic | a medicine that prevents infection by killing germs | He and the medical team had followed the best antiseptic guidelines for dressings and treatment. |
| discard | to get rid of something | He agreed and every evening after he came home from work, he sent Roberto and me to the city dump to look for discarded lumber to build a floor inside our tent. |
| eradicate | to get rid of an evil or a disease | That could be done not through scientific and technical expertise but only by eradicating war. |
| abbreviation | shortened form of a word or phrase | Recently, she’s been using text abbreviations out loud sometimes, even though she never uses them in actual text messages. |
| laconic | using a few words to express something | Lanky, with a loping gait, and dressed in what some Europeans thought was Western or Texan clothing, he was described as being “laconic as the hero of an old cowboy movie.” |
| bombast | words with no important meaning but sounds very impressive | It’s a hint of the old bombast, the old peacock tail, and reassuring. |
| buzzword | very popular and fashionable word | Mostly he talked about “values,” the most important buzzword to be added to the lexicon of American politics in the 1988 election. |
| alliteration | commencement of words with the same letter | Reductio ad absurdum, by this token, would be classed as a figure of thought, whereas isocolon”a sequence of phrases the same length”or alliteration would be figures of speech. |
| thesaurus | a dictionary that lists similar words in groups | They searched for a name in a thesaurus, where they found hers, the last in a chain of luminous words. |
| malapropism | comical use of words | As Eugene “Bull” Connor said in one of his classic malapropisms, “White and Negro are not to segregate together.” |
| neologism | a new word or expression | My father says he is a nauseating commercial neologism. |
| verbatim | repetition of word by word | I could reproduce all of it here verbatim, but it isn’t necessary. |
| verbose | containing a lot of words | There were always two or three meandering speeches, and all of them seemed written by the same verbose, insincere person. |
| consortium | group of organization working together on a particular project | While attempting to isolate enough of the compounds in the cockroaches, an international consortium of scientists develops revolutionary technologies to increase the size of the cockroaches through genetic manipulation. |
| cartel | group of companies that agree not to compete with each other | Right before their eyes he had transformed his syndicate into an international cartel. |
| enigma | mysterious and difficult situation | I now have a reputation as both a dignified enigma and a genius, but I don’t want people reading Lolita because I wrote it. |
| morass | complicated situation that you cannot escape from | She should get up and leave, and not be dragged further into Aisha s morass, but she could not get up and leave. |
| benign | tumor which is not dangerous or likely to cause death | And Dr. Bledsoe sat with a benign smile of inward concentration. |
| malignant | tumor which is dangerous or may cause death | They studied immune suppression and cancer growth by injecting HeLa cells into immune-compromised rats, which developed malignant tumors much like Henrietta’s. |
| dysphoria | state of too much worry | Drake described gender dysphoria as a “deep longing to be comfortable”. |
| euphoria | state of too much excitement | Her hand was warm, but her fingers sent shivers of euphoria through my scalp. |
| diurnal | active during the day | They trade normal diurnal rhythms for the perk of having very little inmate contact”at night, all the inmates are locked in their cells. |
| nocturnal | active at night | He misses Sterling Library, where he studies every night after dinner, and the nocturnal schedule of which he is now a part. |
| postmortem | a medical examination of a dead body | Less than two hours after Guiteau died, an autopsy was performed on his body at the jail by Dr. Daniel Lamb, who had also done the postmortem on James Garfield. |
| hearse | vehicle to carry dead bodies | They left the Ministry in a black car resembling a hearse with official license plates. |
| aquatic | an animal that lives in water | It is important because many aquatic snails serve as hosts of dangerous parasitic worms that spend part of their life cycle in a mollusk, part in a human being. |
| amphibian | an animal that lives both in land and water | In the fourth grade he started a herpetology club, for anyone interested in toads, frogs, snakes, and various other amphibians and reptiles. |
| biped | animal having two feet | “I was telling the boy that according to Plato, man is delined,” he said, smiling affably and gesturing to the cart, “as a featherless biped with broad nails, receptive of political philosophy.” |
| quadruped | animal having four foot | The sheep were fun while they lasted, and it is doubtful if any pair of quadrupeds ever had been sheared so often by so many. |
| orient | the eastern part of the world, especially china and japan | I pulled out my small notebook and looked at the map I had sketched earlier, trying to orient myself. |
| occident | the western part of the world, especially europe and america | However, using speech where everyone is reminded of the Nazi times and restricting fundamental rights such as religious freedom is certainly not the correct way to preserve values of the “Christian occident”. |
| deaf | a person who cannot hear | Last I heard, no one’s been deaf for two hundred years. |
| dumb | a person who cannot speak | Even if he was dumb as hell and couldn’t read a word and put all his simpleminded belief in a stupid thing like the Bible and called me an ignorant name like Mexico… |
| cortege | a number of people following a funeral | The small cortege walked on foot, slowly, all the way to the cemetery, between two rows of soldiers who had cordoned off the streets. |
| quorum | smallest number of people that must be present to make proceedings valid | Without a proper quorum of members, the king could then decide law as he pleased. |
| hijacker | a person who forcibly seizes control of a bus or an aircraft | They were treating him like a criminal”which I guess a school bus hijacker technically was. |
| hostage | a person who is held prisoner by someone else illegally | All would make for useful hostages if and when Red Ronnet should return to try and take back the castle that his father had stolen. |
| fission | splitting of the nucleus of an atom | These atoms would also split, releasing still more neutrons, which would hit more uranium atoms, causing more fission, more free-flying neutrons, more fission, more neutrons, and so on. |
| fusion | combining of the nuclei of atoms to form heavier nucleus | Novae occur only in binary systems and are powered by hydrogen fusion; supernovae occur in single stars and are powered by silicon fusion. |
| monotheism | belief in only one god | If monotheism was what counted, there would have been a scientific revolution in the Islamic and Orthodox worlds. |
| polytheism | belief in more than one god | A tragicomedy about polytheism starring petty gods who complain like tired parents annoyed by their noisy children. |
| trespass | to pass through the gate without taking permission | Even though trespassing in the woods is illegal and poaching carries the severest of penalties, more people would risk it if they had weapons. |
| gatecrash | to attend a party without being invited | On Monday night his spectacles were seized off his nose by gatecrashers to his swanky book launch. |
| boast | to talk with too much pride about your ability | Up until the Santa Anita Handicap the redhead had been basking in the attention, boasting of his horse’s infallibility, and entertaining the reporters with his quick wit. |
| strut | to walk proudly with your head up and chest out | That bow was from the world I wanted out of, while the strutting, sequined partnership I had with Radine was exactly how I wanted my life to go. |
| siesta | sleep enjoyed in the early afternoon | I heard Papa walk upstairs to his room for his afternoon siesta. |
| nap | short sleep during daytime | So today I brout the progress report with me and I told him maybe he could just read it and I could take a nap on the couch. |
| downpour | a heavy fall of rain that starts suddenly | The rain has turned to a downpour, sending streams of water through our ceiling where earlier there had been only drips. |
| drizzle | light fine rain | On past the dim glimpse of land he sailed, tacking more westerly now, in a faint dank drizzle that over land might be a light snow. |
| explicit | a statement that is absolutely clear | We are a couple, in a way, though nothing is explicit between us. |
| inexplicit | not definitely or clearly expressed | A big part of Pawson’s work, like the craning and hewing subdued and inexplicit, is social, and about the characters who inhabit it. |
| immigrate | to move from one country to another | He’d been born there, and though my parents had immigrated to the US when he was little, Iraq had always remained home for him. |
| migrate | to move from one place to another | The supercontinent began to break apart, however, and by 60 million years ago, Antarctica had migrated south to its present location over the Pole. |
| terminate | to make something end | He terminated the call and put his phone on the corner of his desk, flush with the desktop’s edges. |
| terminus | station at the end of a route | But the actual beach, the one he and the corporals gazed on now, was no more than a variation on all that had gone before: there was a rout, and this was its terminus. |
| den | the home of a large fierce wild animal | He slid off the end of the couch and followed the sound into the den. |
| gregarious | of animals living in flocks | Daddy’s favorite was Walter, the most fun-loving and gregarious of his brothers. |
| fragile | easily broken or damaged | I’m sure Jupe would say something about a “fragile male ego” like she did the first time I expressed astonishment over getting dumped. |
| sturdy | strong and not easily damaged | It was unnerving to be suspended high above the ground, but the nest felt sturdy ” surprisingly sturdy, as good as a store- bought hammock. |
| decontaminate | to remove harmful substance from a place or thing | If the men being decontaminated, what were they being decontaminated from? |
| sanitize | to remove bacteria from something using chemicals | The lights in the decontamination room are brighter, the air more sanitized than the rest of the ship. |
| excavation | digging work in the ground to look for old buildings or objects from past | The pair made their way eastward between the basketball pavilion and the horseshoe-shaped excavation that served as the campus football stadium. |
| exhumation | removal of a dead body from the ground | Who knows what could have taken place there between the date of burial and on the days before the exhumation? |
| terrorism | violence activity to achieve political aims | This was done in part to try to quell the more irresponsible acts of terrorism then being committed by Poqo. |
| vandalism | violence activity to damage public property without any good reason | “Last night he arrested a suspect in the vandalism at the construction site.” |
| counterfeit | exact copy of something to deceive somebody | Half-way up a fissure in one of the steepest cliffs, with most of its buttons burst, the counterfeit Beast was arguing with its stomach. |
| facsimile | an exact copy | Its streets are empty, its pavements static; to her fingers, it serves as little more than a tiny and insufficient facsimile. |
| mimic | to copy somebody’s way of behaving | It was as if the weather was mimicking her mood. |
| anachronism | something that belongs in the wrong period of history | But already it was something of an anachronism. |
| contemporary | belonging to the same period of time | It could be a contemporary, vital, real document of a young man’s problems. |
| ephemeral | lasting for only a short period of time | Kutuzov defeated Napoleon precisely because he was not swayed by the ephemeral and superficial values of the court, and made his decisions on a visceral understanding of his men and his people. |
| cruise | a journey by sea for pleasure | The luxury end makes up only 10 percent of the cruise line market now, Mathisen said. |
| excursion | short journey made by a group of persons together | His voice was deep, an excursion into puberty that had left the rest of us behind. |
| itinerary | a planned route or journey | When visitors come from the United States, I draw up little itineraries. |
| opaque | that through which light cannot pass | There was Chad Payne with his hands on his hips and his chiseled California surfer good looks, the hard jaw, the opaque eyes, the blond hair. |
| transparent | that through which light can pass | Then the skin on her face begins to melt, becoming transparent, exposing the outlines of her large eye sockets and the skeletal bones behind them. |
| translucent | that through which light can partly pass | The white chenille bedspreads are so worn they are almost translucent. |
| somnambulist | a person who walks in his sleep | Lourdes did not battle her cravings; rather, she submitted to them like a somnambulist to a dream. |
| somniloquist | a person who talks in sleep | How often the pen becomes the tongue of a systematic dream,”a somniloquist! |
| soporific | a drug or other substance that induces sleep | One of his officers then broke the soporific silence of the tent. |
| endemic | a disease prevailing in a locality | In Cordoba Province in Argentina, however, chronic arsenic poisoning, accompanied by arsenical skin cancers, is endemic because of the contamination of drinking water derived from rock formations containing arsenic. |
| epidemic | a disease that spreads over a huge area | “Worst thing in the world to get rid of,” she said, and told us about the epidemic at the girls’ school in Kinvara when she was a boarder. |
| pandemic | a disease that spreads over a whole country or the world | Messina’s epidemic became pandemic, and the plague wiped out much of Europe. |
| contagious | disease which is spread by contact | They never elaborated about just what diseases the toilets contained, but they made it plain that the ailments were both contagious and dire. |
| infection | an illness that is caused by bacteria or virus | Even therapeutic measures have the important result not only of curing the patient but of reducing the foci of infection. |
| prognosis | medical prediction of the likely development of a disease | When he asked for more information about his prognosis, the doctor told him that unless dialysis treatment began immediately, he probably didn’t have more than three months to live. |
| serenade | music sung or played at night below a person’s window | When he couldn’t play against Tessie’s skin, Milton opened the window of his bedroom and serenaded her from afar. |
| solo | a piece of music by one person | Your songwriter has written the solo as it sounds on his keyboard, so you have a C part. |
| concert | a performance given by a number of musicians | When they arrived at the arena, it looked deserted: no concert or game or circus happening today. |
| aquarium | a vessel in which fish and water plants are kept | She looks more like the ghost shrimp I saw once at the Albuquerque aquarium. |
| pen | a small enclosure for cattle, sheep, etc. | What would my pen pals say if I told them that I am standing at a detention center because I went to open my postbox for their letters? |
| wormery | a container where worms are kept | Certain former slaves were carving stone and laying bricks, stealing work from guild journeymen and masters alike. |
| carnivorous | a flesh eating animal | She wore a scapular with the images worn away by sweat, and on her right wrist the fang of a carnivorous animal mounted on a backing of copper as an amulet against the evil eye. |
| herbivorous | a grass eating animal | That plant carbon goes on to form the body of the herbivorous animals that eat the plants, and of the carnivorous animals that eat those herbivorous animals. |
| omnivorous | an animal that eats any kind of food | She tried to bite him cruelly, her coarse, sensual lips stretched back over her teeth like an enraged omnivorous beast’s. |
| cannibal | a person who eats human flesh | “Look at how my darling cannibal has grown!” |
| fruitarian | a person who eats only fruit | The fact that I’m developing “reality criteria” is a good thing as far as he’s concerned. |
| vegetarian | a person who does not eat meat | The smell had been enough to turn her into a vegetarian. |
| chomp | to eat nosily | Big Richard was riding shotgun, chomping on his cigarette, and staring out the window to keep from laughing. |
| gobble | to eat very fast | Even more embarrassed, she crept into the carriage where the children were already busy gobbling up all the chocolate. |
| devour | to eat all of something quickly | In secret I devoured The Art of Love, for all the moralists condemned it as a dangerous book. |
| flightattendant | a person who takes care of passengers on an aircraft | They dragged the body to the front of the plane, where the fire raged, and hoisted the flight attendant into it. |
| flyer | a person who travels in a plane as a passenger | Imagine ten or twelve orange chairs arranged in a circle, with the happy women from the flyer sitting at opposite ends. |
| pillion | a seat for a passenger behind the drive of a two-wheeler | His bloodied legs dangled uselessly, and his pillion passenger, who had heavily bandaged arms, was working the foot pedals. |
| autobiography | life story of a person written by himself/herself | They asked me lots of questions, trying to see if they could catch me saying something that conflicted with my written autobiography. |
| biography | life story of a person written by someone else | I had the idea that I’d write a book that was a biography of both the cells and the woman they came from”someone’s daughter, wife, and mother. |
| anecdote | a short story about some real person or event | I probably have about an hour until dinner, which means an hour of trying to spin my school day into a string of hilarious anecdotes. |
| viviparous | producing live babies rather than eggs | And what made it worse was that, instead of tactfully ignoring it, Bernard proceeded to make open comments on this revoltingly viviparous scene. |
| oviparous | producing eggs rather than live babies | They are one of the larger land-animals of Winter, about the size of a fox, oviparous vegetarians with a splendid coat of gray or white fur. |
| ovoviparous | producing live babies by means of eggs | Baby sharks are hardcore: Several species of shark are ovoviviparous ” the mother retains her eggs inside her body, and her pups hatch and develop in her uterus. |
| mammals | an animal that gives milk | Those mammals thereby yield several times more calories over their lifetime than if they were just slaughtered and consumed as meat. |
| predator | an animal that preys on other animals | The flesh of General Eisenhower consumed by generations of predators will speak aloud. |
| ruminant | an animal that brings back food (cud) from its stomach and chew it again | The same danger exists for wild animals belonging to the group of ruminants, such as deer, antelope, sheep, and goats. |
| alimony | allowance paid to wife or husband on legal separation | What was he gone give me alimony on? |
| palimony | allowance paid to former partner on legal separation | She sued her former partner for palimony then later sued him for fraud saying a movie development deal he arranged for her was a sham to get her to drop the palimony suit. |
| patrimony | properties inherited from one’s father | To the Athenians, these were a kind of cultural patrimony”something like the original handwritten copies and first folios of Shakespeare might be in England. |
| misogynist | a person who hates women | Sir Bors the misogynist had reluctantly consented to fight for the Queen, if nobody else could be found. |
| misanthropist | a person who hates mankind | He describes himself as an “equal opportunities misanthropist”, saying he’s “skewered many more men than women, and possibly more donkeys than both”. |
| philanthropist | a person who loves mankind | Farmer and Goldfarb flew to New York for an emergency meeting with Soros and asked the philanthropist for more funding for Russia. |
| omnipotent | a person who is the most powerful | Boethius made the argument as follows: God is omnipotent. |
| omnipresent | a person who is present everywhere | Her voice had become sharp with overtones of bleakness as her soul congealed and she ceased to move, as the instinctive, omnipresent film of great weight, of an almost absolute inertia, settled over her. |
| omniscient | a person who knows everything | It’s just…a possibility, like it’s a possibility that I could turn to dust in the next instant and be disseminated throughout the universe as an omniscient consciousness. |
| monogamy | custom of having one wife or husband | The words this time are “bouquet,” “misogamy,” “boutonniere,” “limousine,” and “monogamy.” |
| bigamy | custom of having two wives or husbands | “So, you see, dear one,” she said sweetly, “it was her mama’s fault the law went looking for my father on the charge of bigamy.” |
| polyandry | custom of having many husbands | The prohibition on polygamy was tirelessly interrogated, but no one seemed very keen to advocate polyandry, which raised questions about the inheritance of property that would have remodelled society to a much too revolutionary degree. |
| polygamy | custom of having many wives | As a child I’d been taught”by my father but also in Sunday school”that in the fullness of time God would restore polygamy, and in the afterlife, I would be a plural wife. |
| annular | shaped like a ring | Time’s annular habits receive a broader and more surreal treatment in “History,” from 1988, which compares the follies of youth and age with civilization’s ouroboric propensity for power and violence. |
| globular | shaped like a globe | Just before World War I, Harlow Shapley of Missouri devised a technique for measuring the distances to the globular clusters, those lovely spherical arrays of stars which resemble a swarm of bees. |
| oval | shaped like an egg | In the oval of light for a moment there moved a form, a human shape: a tall woman looking back over her shoulder. |
| orb | shaped like a ball | “People in the city would get fully charged orbs that will last longer. Everyone wins, and no one needs to find out about it.” |
| myth | a traditional story associated with deities | Right now, there’s something that interests me more than myths or magic. |
| parable | a story that teaches a spiritual truth | Unable to work either the dishwater or Methuselah’s long memory into a proper ending for his parable, Our Father merely looked at us all and heaved the great sigh of the put-upon male. |
| legend | stories of old time gods and heroes | The Murphy Homes were built in 1962 and named after George Murphy, a legend in Baltimore for his work as a groundbreaking educator, but just as often they went by a self-explanatory nickname, Murder Homes. |
| fable | a story that teaches a moral lesson | Her misunderstanding would have been comic had we read of it in a romantic fable. |
| neonatal | anything which relates to a child that has just been born | It has been a difficult month: a rotation in neonatal intensive care. |
| infantile | anything which relates to a very young children | He was upbeat, relentlessly so, in a way that only an American of his kind could be, and there was an infantile quality to this that she found admirable and repulsive. |
| adolescence | the period between childhood and adulthood | Their separation was a void he struggled with through his adolescence and into adulthood. |
| juvenile | anything which relates to young and youth | It was the fifth suicide at a California juvenile facility in as many years. |
| couplet | a stanza of two lines | Billy found the couplet so comical that he not only laughed”he shrieked. |
| quatrain | a stanza of four lines | Which is why the epigraph of this book is the quatrain from the famous Christmas carol. |
| sestet | a stanza of six lines | The enfolded quatrain-form is itself a reference to the rhyme scheme of the Petrarchan sonnet’s sestet. |
| sonnet | a poem of fourteen lines | The sonnet form allowed me to make my poems look and feel like real poetry without being as distant as some of the other British poetry I had read. |
| limerick | a humorous poem of five lines | He must’ve been really upset with me to send me limericks instead of haiku. |
| illegal | that which is against law | Citra’s investigation was troubling, yet try as he might, Rowan could not find a single instance since he’d been in Goddard’s presence where Goddard did anything that was illegal by scythe law. |
| legal | that which is lawful | Just in case there might be any doubt, some time after Tycho’s death several of his relatives signed a legal declaration that his children were legitimate and that their mother had been his wife. |
| fugitive | a person who runs away from law | Waking from the dream, Tartini attempted to recollect the fugitive motives of this diabolic sonata, but could not ” and wrote instead, from those fragments, his sonata, infamous for its difficulty, called “The Devil’s Trill.” |
| illicit | that is prohibited by law | In fact, most of J. T.’s foot soldiers also held minimum-wage jobs in the legitimate sector to supplement their skimpy illicit earnings. |
| obligatory | something that must be done because of the law or rule | There’s our obligatory portrait of the Elector hanging on the wall, surrounded by a handful of our own photos, as if he were a member of our family. |
| amnesia | loss of memory | Ifemelu was not crippled or blinded from an accident, not suddenly suffering amnesia. |
| analgesia | loss of pain | But analgesia was in its infancy in the 1930s. |
| aphasia | loss of speech | Our Father probably interpreted Broca’s aphasia as God’s Christmas bonus to one of His worthier employees. |
| asphyxia | loss of breath | Authorities said he died of asphyxia after hanging himself at his home in northern California. |
| insomnia | loss of sleep | Like her father, she also suffered from bouts of insomnia and anxiety. |
| ballad | a song or poem narrating a popular story | For example, most ballads are sung legato, and most marches are played fairly staccato or marcato, whether they are marked that way or not. |
| elegy | a poem expressing sadness for someone who has died | Rowan looked out at the grand elegy of scythes. |
| epic | a long narrative poem | “So, you ready for the most epic road trip of all time?” |
| epistle | verse in form of a letter | Dear Mrs. O’Brien, Inasmuch as you have not succumbed to the imminence of litigation in our previous epistle be advised that we are in consultation with our barrister above in Dublin. |
| parody | funny imitation of a poem | In 1916 Satie concocted a baldly insulting parody of themes from Gounod’s opera Mireille, and several of his cabaret songs make fun of Massenet’s supposed sentimentality. |
| corrigendum | something to be corrected in a printed book | The editor will get in touch with the study’s corresponding author, and decide whether a corrigendum is necessary to explain that the author in question was not involved with the work. |
| abridged | an edition of a book in which it has been condensed | “Fine. But can we go with the abridged version? We’re in a bit of a rush.” |
| encyclopedia | a book having all areas of knowledge | Cari scratched his back and recited the encyclopedia entry on China from memory until he fell asleep. |
| interpolate | to make additions to a book or piece of writing | And here interpolated”it’s so hard to remember how you die or when. |
| trilogy | group of three books, etc. with same subject | Nali drove through Gallup to the main public library, where Nathan checked out a science-fiction trilogy about kids who were drafted by the government to fight an interstellar war against aliens. |
| glossary | list of explanation of words | Holism is in some of the scientific glossaries but has not yet made it into most standard dictionaries of English. |
| invoice | list of goods with their price | He can’t hurt those big boxes: they are invoiced as “clay,” and to pull them about is as harmless a thing as he can do. |
| bibliography | list of books by particular author | When Henige wrote Numbers from Nowhere, the fight about pre- Columbian population had already consumed forests’ worth of trees”his bibliography is ninety pages long. |
| agenda | list of headings of the business to be transacted at a meeting | She had her own agenda with her world, and Frightful was the first to discover it. |
| catalogue | list of names, books, etc. | She opened it and a catalogue came out. |
| animism | belief that natural objects possess soul | Such a hypothesis accords as well with the animism found in ethnographic societies the world over. |
| chauvinism | a belief that no other country is better than your own country | It says something about our century, our attitude toward life, our obsession with disease and death, our human chauvinism. |
| dogma | strong and unreasonable belief | “I don’t know what the dogma is, but I know it nearly turned my brother’s hair grey.” |
| fallacy | false idea or belief | But the notion that climbers are merely adrenaline junkies chasing a righteous fix is a fallacy, at least in the case of Everest. |
| indoctrinate | to forcefully instill a particular set of beliefs in somebody | Service in the Hitler Youth was not yet compulsory, as it would later be; these were boys who were already true believers and they had been indoctrinated with a fierce anti- Semitism. |
| retrogressive | to become old-fashioned in your ideas, beliefs, etc. | The level of unapologetic conjecture I’ve encountered lately isn’t just frustrating, it’s retrogressive, unprecedented and absolutely terrifying. |
| feline | like a cat | She moved with a feline, predatory grace, and I understood why the lion was her sacred animal: It was all about languid power. |
| leonine | like a lion | No one else seemed to know quite what to say, and then Jasper was there ” tall and leonine. |
| lupine | like a wolf | Then colonizing species like lupine appeared, preparing the ground for the return of the grasses. |
| porcine | like a pig | Spanish armies traveled in a porcine cloud; drawn by the supper trough, the lean, hungry animals circled the troops like darting dogs. |
| simian | like a monkey | “I don’t like sweets from that old simian sourpuss,” she replied. |
| vulpine | like a fox | His speech was slow and mellow, measured and unexcited, his gestures were wide, and new teeth gave him a vulpine smile out of all proportion to his emotion. |
| bilingual | a person who can speak two languages | Proponents of bilingual education are careful to say that they want students to acquire good schooling. |
| linguist | a person who knows many languages | What linguists call speech rate ” the number of speech sounds per second ” equalizes. |
| jargon | language difficult to understand | Atlanta”the Imperial City of the KKK’s Invisible Empire, in Klan jargon”was also home to Stetson Kennedy, a thirty- year-old man with the bloodlines of a Klansman but a temperament that ran opposite. |
| philologist | a person having deep study in development of a language | Jakob Grimm was one of the foremost philologists, I studied his “Grimm’s Law’ in prison”all about consonants. |
| purist | a person who is particular about the purity of one’s language | Taking this line of reasoning to its logical extreme, the purists argued that using gas was therefore cheating. |
| polyglot | using several different languages | With his passing, he evaded the overwhelming consequence of his success: the challenge of consolidating a polyglot empire unprecedented in size and comprising peoples who, by and large, despised each other. |
| backfire | to have the opposite effect with bad results | I stood in front of her, shaking all over, hands at my sides, martyrlike, fully aware of the dramatic moment that might backfire but willing to take the chance. |
| contrary | the opposite fact, event or situation | I can’t do that”on the contrary, I have to hold my head up high and put a bold face on things, but the thoughts keep coming anyway. |
| conversely | in opposite or reverse way | When the dark planet is, from our perspective, to the right of the star, the star will be pulled a little to the right, and conversely when the planet is to the left. |
| inverse | opposite in amount or position to something | Hooke, though, told the other two that he could derive all the laws of planetary motion starting out from the assumption of an inverse square law. |
| irony | words that show the opposite of what you really mean | It’s a shade too sincere, but the subtleties of irony are often wasted in 13. |
| reversal | a change of something so that it is the opposite of what it was | The notes on various herbs and plants seemed to be more informational than prescriptive, and there was no clear-cut recipe for a love spell or its reversal. |
| euthanasia | bringing about gentle and painless death from incurable disease | The euthanasia program became known by the code name of Aktion-T4. |
| fatal | anything that leads to death | “But then I would’ve had a probably fatal episode of deoxygenation in Amsterdam, and my body would have been shipped home in the cargo hold of an airplane,” I said. |
| mortal | subject to death | Oblivious to the fighting around them they sought to destroy each other, hacking, stabbing, lunging and swinging in mortal combat. |
| obituary | a notice of death in a newspaper | “Judge Ford thought her clues were an insult, and she said something about playing a pawn in Westing’s game. And she had a clipping of the obituary on her desk. This obituary.” |
| posthumous | award given after death | He didn’t want to leave this world for some posthumous glory. |
| transmigration | passing of soul from one body to another after death | The telescope itself provides a form of space travel; as Hooke put it, a “transmigration into heaven, even whil’st we remain here upon earth in the flesh’. |
| anniversary | the yearly return of a date | And this, the one-year anniversary, only promised to bring more interlopers. |
| annual | that happens once a year | The National Woman Suffrage Association’s annual meeting was taking place down the street, so the women decided to suspend their morning events in order to listen to Woodhull make her presentation. |
| biennial | that happens every second year | Once the first two crates were completed, I carried them down to the art museum for consideration in their upcoming juried biennial. |
| centenary | celebration of a hundredth year | A recent centenary conference and festival devoted to him in modern Hungary simply described him, correctly, as ‘European’. |
| decade | a period of ten years | They chopped it down two decades ago when the tree got sick, but according to old Batavia lore, when the leaves were green and full, the elm looked exactly like Abraham Lincoln’s profile. |
| perennial | that happens again and again | It is something to do with the younger generation contradicting the efforts of their elders, the perennial parent-child dynamic of human civilisation: “whatever they did, we will do the opposite.’ |
| theist | a person who believes in god | He said that it was absurd to doubt that a man could be a theist and an evolutionist, as someone had said. |
| atheist | a person who does not believe in the existence of god | I’m not ashamed of June, but I didn’t want Mom to find out she was an atheist. |
| agnostic | a person who is not sure of the existence of god | Unfortunately, I am an agnostic; however, I am quite an admirer of St. Francis of Assisi from a distance, it goes without saying. |
| idolatry | worship of idols | But the Pilgrims, who regarded personal adornment as a species of idolatry, were dismayed by what they saw as the indigenous penchant for foppery. |
| blasphemy | behavior that shows a lack of respect for god or religion | Missus Wilhelmina would say that it’s blasphemy to think something like that, when clearly the world belongs to the Lord Jesus Christ. |
| invocation | call upon god or any other power for help or protection | It was a disaster in the making, especially on the eve of the campaign launch and especially because Reverend Wright was scheduled to lead the invocation ahead of Barack’s speech. |
| pagan | a person who does not believe in any religion | I don’t know what pagan is, but it sounds wicked. |
| sleet | a mixture of rain and snow | I crouch in the bedroom, in the dark, wrapped in Jon’s old sleeping bag, listening to the wheezing sound of Sarah breathing and the whisper of sleet against the window. |
| emulsion | a mixture of liquids that don’t mix together well | “I’d like you to look at another one, taken from the same spot only a minute later, with a new specially prepared emulsion.” |
| farrago | a confused mixture of different things | Eager “unequivocally “¦ to influence the public”, he produced what the historian the late Robert Kee called “a farrago of rubbish”, sorely weakening his case. |
| medley | a mixture of different kinds of things | Afternoons and weekends, which usually rang with a medley of shouts and laughter and pounding feet, dragged by in a strange, uneasy silence broken only by the dull hum of traffic. |
| mortar | mixture of sand, water, lime and cement | “It seems to me,” he continued in his flat New England twang, “that all you do is pick up a brick, put some mortar on it, and put it in the fireplace.” |
| smog | a mixture of smoke and fog | Usually, she wasn’t able to see them so clearly, because of all the city smog and light pollution. |
| whitewash | a mixture of chalk and water | It was whitewash, the cheap stuff that is used in cowsheds and stables and hen-houses. |
| antonym | a word opposite in meaning to another | Why do some people consider civility an antonym ” anathema, even ” to political action and dissent? |
| synonym | a word similar in meaning to another | The usual synonyms”uniqueness, novelty, freshness”do not help us very much, and the dictionaries tell us only that an original work must not be a copy. |
| hypernym | a word that denotes general category | |
| hyponym | a word that denotes a particular item from general category | |
| holonym | a word that denotes a thing that is complete in itself and whose part, member or substance is represented by another word | |
| meronym | a word that denotes a constituent part, member or substance of something that is complete in itself | |
| homonym | a word that is spelt like another word (or pronounced like it) but which has a different meaning | I could copy owls and bats, the words for “bat” and “blessing” homonyms. |
| eloquence | persuasive and fluent speech | He was an exhorter, all right, and I was caught in the crude, insane eloquence of his plea. |
| epilogue | speech by an actor at the end of play | For the epilogue, he writes a poem, modeled after one of Okeoma’s poems. |
| extempore | a speech made without previous preparation | One of the most famous speeches of modern times was the one made”apparently extempore”by a British army officer on the eve of the invasion of Iraq. |
| harangue | a noisy and loud speech before a long gathering | Interrupting her harangue, I asserted that the simplest form for any regular polymeric molecule was a helix. |
| heckle | to interfere somebody during their speech | When he told them to leave the pitch, they did so quite cheerfully and went to sit in the stands to heckle everyone else. |
| maiden | the first speech delivered by a person | Her maiden’s cloak was the black wool of the Night’s Watch. |
| monologue | a long speech by one person | And could I please be prepared to perform my same monologue for the team? |
| spiel | repeated and long speech that is used by salesperson | He’d been about to go into his spiel about how he wasn’t the warrior, but then what? |
| colloquial | used in informal speech or writing | “Can’t, might set the black damp off,” the old miner said, using the colloquial term for methane. |
| acoustics | the scientific study of sound | The acoustics in this place are so good their conversation reaches all the way to the back. |
| anatomy | the scientific study of human body | “What does this mean about your brain chemistry? Or anatomy?” |
| anthropology | the scientific study of mankind | At the University of Washington and later at Seattle University, he immersed himself in anthropology, history, philosophy, and linguistics, accumulating hundreds of credit hours without collecting a degree. |
| astronomy | the scientific study of the sun, moon, stars, planets, etc. | Moreover, Digges was not an insignificant figure in the new astronomy. |
| archaeology | the scientific study of ancient things | Here, we must turn to archaeology for evidence of the technological, political, and agricultural advantages that some Asians evidently gained over other Asians. |
| bacteriology | the scientific study of bacteria | As John recalled, Cushing thought this development could be “as important as, if not more important than, Pasteur and bacteriology.” |
| biology | the scientific study of the life and structure of plants and animals | I passed an algebra test, I passed an English test, I passed a biology test. |
| botany | the scientific study of plants | When she was through, we knew a good deal about botany and something about apiology, but nothing about how babies came. |
| climatology | the scientific study of climate | Similar ones apply to other historical subjects whose place among the natural sciences is nevertheless secure, including astronomy, climatology, ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and paleontology. |
| cosmology | the scientific study of universe | Now, centuries later, it had decided to invite a number of experts to advise it on cosmology. |
| criminology | the scientific study of crime and criminals | And I had already taught myself basic criminology. |
| cryogenics | the scientific study of the production and effects of very low temperature | In his new novel, “Zero K,” Jeff travels to a remote cryogenics facility to meet his father who is preparing his dying wife, Jeff’s stepmother, for her futuristic cryogenic transformation. |
| cryptography | the scientific study of secret writing and coded words | Elizebeth and William knew enough about cryptography to guess that “V” might stand for “E,” the most common letter in the English language. |
| cytology | the scientific study of cell | She never expected to find feeding her baby a greater challenge than advanced cytology. |
| demography | the scientific study of statistics of birth, death and diseases | In 2000 we had taken on the subject of race, not as a political construct or an exercise in demography but more intimately, as a force in how we live our lives. |
| dendrology | the scientific study of trees | |
| dermatology | the scientific study of skin | When Ted finished his residency in dermatology, we bought a run-down three- story Victorian with a large garden in Ashbury Heights. |
| dietetics | the scientific study of diet and health eating | Tom Sanders, professor emeritus of nutrition and dietetics at King’s College London, said the authors’ estimate of up to 7,200 lives saved was “flawed because industrial trans fats are virtually absent from UK diets”. |
| ecology | the scientific study of environment | Similar ones apply to other historical subjects whose place among the natural sciences is nevertheless secure, including astronomy, climatology, ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and paleontology. |
| embryology | the scientific study of the development of embryos | Ironically, even though embryology had launched the discipline of modern genetics, the reconciliation between genes and genesis would be a vastly more engaging scientific problem. |
| entomology | the scientific study of insects | “The study of insects is called “entomology,'” Mrs. V said. |
| epidemiology | the scientific study of the spread and control of diseases | In 2012, several further studies corroborated these initial findings, strengthening the links between these variants of mental illness and family histories and deepening questions about their etiology, epidemiology, triggers, and instigators. |
| ergonomics | the scientific study of working conditions | And seeing that she liked to tilt her keyboard for improved ergonomics, he built a slanted, retractable tray. |
| ethnology | the scientific study of human races | Next came the U.S. government, seeking to place an Indian exhibit on the island, and then Professor Putnam, the fair’s chief of ethnology, who saw the island as the ideal site for several exotic villages. |
| etiology | the scientific study of causes of diseases | In 2012, several further studies corroborated these initial findings, strengthening the links between these variants of mental illness and family histories and deepening questions about their etiology, epidemiology, triggers, and instigators. |
| etymology | the scientific study of derivation of words | “I just said I never heard it before and I wondered what the etymology of your name is.” |
| genetics | the scientific study of the genes | It might also be a place where I could quietly read genetics. |
| geography | the scientific study of the earth’s surface and physical features | It was all I could do not to sprint out of Mrs. Baker’s classroom”even though we weren’t supposed to run in the halls”to the safe world of junior high geography. |
| geology | the scientific study of the origin and history of the rocks | I felt satisfaction beÂcause such a geology confirmed that I was right, that this island was a chimera, a play of the mind. |
| gerontology | the scientific study of old age | “The worldwide trend is to move away from age-based decisions in employment,” said Martin Levine, a professor of law and gerontology at the University of Southern California, especially as many countries end mandatory retirement ages. |
| histology | the scientific study of tissue | To the extent that fetal hormones affect brain chemistry and histology, I’ve got a male brain. |
| hematology | the scientific study of the blood and its diseases | “You are a specialist in hematology employed by the Anacortes General Hospital” is that correct? Do I have that right?” |
| horticulture | the scientific study of growing flowers, fruits and vegetables | He said, “It worked out OK for Luis, though. He became a genius at horticulture. There’s nobody better in Florida.” |
| hydrology | the scientific study of the earth’s water | Geology, hydrology, poetry, music, ecology, cooking and microbiology all find a home in this arena we call a garden, as well as dozens of other subjects beyond most people’s imagination. |
| immunology | the scientific study of protection against disease | In recent years there have been expansion and strengthening in new fields; biologic membranes, immunology, genetics, and cell regulatory mechanisms are currently booming. |
| limology | the scientific study of lakes and other fresh water bodies | I went on to study chemistry as an undergraduate student in Mexico City, did a master’s degree in limnology and then moved to the Riviera Maya on the Yucatán Peninsula. |
| linguistics | the scientific study of language | For the most part, archaeologists had lacked the expertise to address the anti-Clovis evidence from genetics and linguistics. |
| lithology | the scientific study of the general physical characteristics of rocks | The contrast in lithology between formations required to justify their establishment varies with the complexity of the geology of a region and the detail needed for geologic mapping and to work out its geologic history. |
| meteorology | the scientific study of the earth’s atmosphere and its changes | The first result was The Method, which appeared in 1637, accompanied by three essays, on meteorology, optics and geometry. |
| metrology | the scientific study of the measurement | “From a metrology point of view, this sort of horrified me, because these are completely unofficial terms,” says Brown. |
| microbiology | the scientific study of very small living things | In this way most of the ambiguities of the Viking microbiology experiments could be resolved. |
| numismatics | the scientific study of coins and medals | Some numismatics experts also suggested that younger generations may reinvest in coin collection. |
| metallurgy | the scientific study of metals and their uses | A superb Chinese tradition of bronze metallurgy had its origins in the third millennium B.C. and eventually resulted in China’s developing by far the earliest cast-iron production in the world, around 500 B.C. |
| mineralogy | the scientific study of minerals | In the tradition of the day, Hutton took an interest in nearly everything, from mineralogy to metaphysics. |
| mycology | the scientific study of fungi | I recall that in my Aunt Hélène’s chicken in cream sauce with morels, she actually used dried gyromitras, the false morels with intense flavor that are designated as poisonous in most books on mycology. |
| neurology | the scientific study of nervous system | After several decades of research, I have developed a set of functions for music that takes into account the role of neurology and physiology as well as culture in its relationship to music. |
| oceanography | the scientific study of the ocean | Mrs. Schmidt, 27, is a candidate for a doctoral degree in biological oceanography at the University of Rhode Island’s Graduate School of Oceanography in Narragansett, R.I. |
| oncology | the scientific study of tumors and their treatment | Virchow made significant discoveries in oncology”the treatment of tumors”and parasitology, the scientific study of parasites. |
| ophthalmology | the scientific study of eye | Like Helmholtz, he developed into a scientist with many interests, though he was known early in his career for ophthalmology and for establishing the first eye hospital in the Netherlands in 1858. |
| optics | the scientific study of light | The essay on optics described the workings of the eye and suggested ways to improve the telescope. |
| ornithology | the scientific study of birds | I imagine it’s someone I haven’t met yet, someone I somehow missed while I was hiding out in the ornithology stacks and they were tearing through poetry and memorizing lines. |
| orthography | the scientific study of correct spelling of words | Tomlinson, who died on March 5th, made a lasting contribution to the world’s orthography by choosing the @ symbol for e-mail addresses. |
| paleography | the scientific study of ancient writing systems | He demonstrated his ability to accurately transcribe a barely-legible original manuscript of Orwell’s dystopian novel “1984” by disporting his skills in paleography, the study of ancient and antiquated writing systems. |
| paleontology | the scientific study of fossils | In it Mantell was characterized as a mediocre anatomist whose modest contributions to paleontology were limited by a “want of exact knowledge.” |
| penology | the scientific study of the punishment of criminals | “To him must be given the credit for a more enlightened policy that, while not entirely complete, pointed the way toward the new penology.” |
| petrology | the scientific study of the formation of rocks | Geology: nothing about geomorphology or stratigraphy or even petrology. |
| pharmacology | the scientific study of drugs and their use in medicine | We get an even larger understanding ” including a discussion of contemporary Tibetan pharmacology, the history of Tibetan surgery and the global influences of Tibetan healing ” in the imposing exhibition catalog, edited by Ms. Hofer. |
| philology | the scientific study of the development of language | When you study the science of philology, you learn the laws governing how a consonant can lose its shape, but it keeps its identity from language to language.” |
| physiology | the scientific study of the normal functions of living things | However, it belongs to the same group of arthropods as the blue crab, has essentially the same physiology, and would presumably suffer the same effects. |
| pathology | the scientific study of disease | For instance, reading The Autobiography of Malcolm X”a book that begins and ends in the madness and pathology of America’s racial obsessions”is a rite of passage for young black men. |
| pedagogy | the scientific study of art of teaching | From the story of the scholarship boy there is no specific pedagogy to glean. |
| philately | the scientific study of stamp collection | Jake’s mom shouted when he answered “A stamp” for the question “In philately, what is an Inverted Jenny?” |
| psychology | the scientific study of the mind and its influence in behavior | Any psychology teacher would know that a soul-baring letter from her most devoted student had hidden meaning. |
| seismology | the scientific study of earthquakes | With any luck, the centaur hadn’t run a seismology test on the manor grounds, or his ruse might be discovered. |
| sociology | the scientific study of the nature and development of society | As always, Durham presented itself as a model of tolerance and racial goodwill in housing, but a Duke sociology student found real estate agents there performed the same tricks used across the country. |
| toxicology | the scientific study of poisons | Abnormal sensations as of prickling, burning, or itching, as well as tremors or even convulsions may follow exposure to appreciable amounts, according to a standard textbook of toxicology. |
| virology | the scientific study of virus | Henrietta’s cells helped launch the fledgling field of virology, but that was just the beginning. |
| psephology | the scientific study of election trends | He dubbed his craft “psephology”, based on the Greek word “psephos” for pebble, which the ancient Greeks used to vote in elections. |
| zoology | the scientific study of animals | They even shared his interest in natural history, geology, and zoology. |
| illegible | that which cannot be read | Sodden fragments littered the school yard, with only a few torn and illegible remnants dangling on the ropes. |
| immovable | that which cannot be moved | The ropes tightened; the steeds labored; Taran heaved and tugged at the immovable cauldron. |
| impalpable | that which cannot be felt physically | It was exactly as if he was invisible, inaudible, impalpable. |
| impassable | that which cannot be passed through | In Europe, untold numbers of native species were crushed against the impassable barrier of the Alps and its smaller cousins and fell into extinction. |
| impenetrable | that which cannot be penetrated | There was no second cry, and over the house the stillness became impenetrable. |
| imperceptible | that which cannot be felt | Taisin glanced at Sister Ailan as if to ask permission, and when her teacher gave an almost imperceptible nod, she said haltingly, “I”I saw you on a beach”a beach made of ice.” |
| imponderable | that which cannot be measured | Genuine science and mathematical precision are more intriguing than are the “facts” published in supermarket tabloids or a romantic innumeracy which fosters credulity, stunts skepticism, and dulls one to real imponderables. |
| impracticable | that which cannot be practiced | We shall in no wise exercise ourselves for the loss of a few Negroes, which action would be on all heads impracticable & fruitless. |
| impregnable | that which cannot be defeated | The great clipper, so seemingly impregnable, had become impossibly small. |
| inaccessible | that which cannot be approached | “The colossus lay like a medieval castle, built in the most inaccessible place, protected by precipices and rivers.” |
| inadmissible | that which cannot be admitted or allowed | “I believe,” concluded Scott, “if Congress should at any time be of the opinion that a state of slavery was a quality inadmissible in America, they would not be barred…of prohibiting this baneful quality.” |
| inalienable | that which cannot be taken away | “Either way,” he said, “I think you have an inalienable right to know that dyeing your hair is against the dress code.” |
| inaudible | that which cannot be heard | I hear a choking sound, and then an almost inaudible “I don’t know.” |
| incalculable | that which cannot be calculated | When he did see the old despot he started back in honor, for Mr. P. was four feet long, his weight incalculable. |
| incombustible | that which cannot be burnt | The cruel lesson: Invest in incombustible masonry and stone, or pay the fiery piper. |
| incommunicable | that which cannot be communicated | If sugar’s consumption is linked to the rise in noncommunicable diseases like diabetes and hypertension, and if its effects on the body mimic those of alcohol, should we regulate it to protect public health? |
| incorrigible | that which cannot be corrected | According to Burr, the immediate incident only proved that Hamilton’s libelous ways were incorrigible. |
| incredible | that which cannot be believed | Either word of my incredible skills had gotten around the private school league, or Will had let them know that I was on his list and should be on theirs too. |
| incurable | that which cannot be cured | Every week it’s another attempt to fix the problem, cure the incurable. |
| indefensible | that which cannot be defended | Believing that it was morally indefensible to waste any part of an animal that has been shot for food, McCandless spent six days toiling to preserve what he had killed before it spoiled. |
| indelible | that which cannot be removed | Odessa High won the state championship that year, which became one of those events that was remembered in the psyche of the town forever, as indelible as Neil Armstrong landing on the moon. |
| indestructible | that which cannot be destroyed | Every length smells of rabbit”of that great, indestructible flood of Rabbitry in which each one is carried along, sure-footed and safe. |
| indeterminate | that which cannot be identified | All that can really be said is that at some indeterminate point in the very distant past, for reasons unknown, there came the moment known to science as t = 0. |
| indigestible | that which cannot be digested | Much of Greek culture had been assimilated by the Romans, but they had found the concept of discovery indigestible, and it is unlikely that Vergil, trained to think like a Roman, would have responded differently. |
| indispensable | that which cannot be done without | Most who met Boobie agreed that he was one of those kids for whom the game of football had become as important, as indispensable, as a part of their bodies. |
| indisputable | that which cannot be disagreed with | It transforms science from knowledge of the truth, regarded as indisputable, into a form of progressive knowledge in which established truths may always be disputed and in which an ultimate truth is never attained. |
| indivisible | that which cannot be divided | Liyana knew indivisible even when her friends still thought it was invisible, but she didn’t tell them because there are things you have to find out for yourself. |
| inedible | that which cannot be eaten | The results were apparently unpalatable, if not inedible. |
| ineffable | that which cannot be described in words | But far more intense was the utter, ineffable tenderness he felt, and the solemnity. |
| ineligible | that which cannot be selected under the rules | But Davis ruled that Carter had acted responsibly in deter-mining Edwards’s grade and that education commissioner Kirby had no standing to determine that Edwards was ineligible. |
| inescapable | that which cannot be ignored | Reading the paper, he must have felt that inescapable chill of déjà vu running through his spine: the “certain Mendel” had certainly preempted de Vries by more than three decades. |
| inevitable | that which cannot be avoided | She never took it off, not even in the classroom, and so it was inevitable that she took some teasing about it. |
| inexcusable | that which cannot be justified | The worst part about doing something inexcusable is that you can never take it back. |
| inexhaustible | that which cannot be tired out | There are many saints, but they are not inexhaustible, so that we find repetitions in the first namings. |
| inexorable | that which cannot be destroyed | Dunwing leaned back, trying to dig her claws in somewhere to check the inexorable slide. |
| inexplicable | that which cannot be explained | None more so than Ira: the transformation in her was as astonishing as it was inexplicable. |
| inexpressible | that which cannot be expressed in words | Harry felt an inexpressible sense of gratitude to Dumbledore for asking the others not to question him. |
| inextricable | that which cannot be separated | What I kept forgetting, of course, was that high school was home to infinite cliches for a reason, and that Ocean was, in some ways, still inextricable from his own stereotype. |
| infeasible | that which cannot be done | This sort of tax increase would be economically disastrous, not to mention politically infeasible. |
| inimitable | that which cannot be copied | An inimitable style |
| innumerable | that which cannot be counted | Sometimes in the middle of sowing or reaping or tilling, or the innumerable tasks the land demanded, he would stop and straighten up, breathing hard and trembling. |
| insatiable | that which cannot be satisfied | “O’Dell,” Quentin replied, in all sincerity, “I’m worried that your insatiable cupidity will ultimately prove to be something less than a virtue for our club.” |
| insoluble | that which cannot be dissolved in a liquid | And now, on top of these insoluble things, her mother had only hours before probed into the pit of her soul and discovered her deep uncertainty. |
| insurmountable | that which cannot be overcome | These heroes go largely unnoticed by politicians who prefer to blame those who fail, rather than praise with admiration and awe all those who somehow manage, despite seemingly insurmountable hurdles, to survive. |
| intangible | that which cannot be touched | What drew people to him was something intangible, an air about him. |
| intolerable | that which cannot be endured | “The poverty, and the thought of what was happening to those human lives was just intolerable, sickening.” |
| invincible | that which cannot be conquered | As long as he could touch the earth he was invincible. |
| invisible | that which cannot be seen | The expensive correspondence with the invisible doctors ended in failure. |
| invulnerable | that which cannot be harmed | He was living in a universe of two, feeling invulnerable. |
| irreconcilable | that which cannot be settled | Both expert at translating the character of nuns, Ben and Mary Anne divided them into two distinct and irreconcilable categories: the Smiles and the Vampires. |
| irrecoverable | that which cannot be regained | This pollution is for the most part irrecoverable; the chain of evil it initiates not only in the world that must support life but in living tissues is for the most part irreversible. |
| irreparable | that which cannot be rectified | I don’t know what the explosion did, but it damaged something deep and irreparable. |
| irresistible | that which cannot be resisted | It faced–or seemed to face–the whole external world for an instant, and then concentrated on YOU with an irresistible prejudice in your favor. |
| irretrievable | that which cannot be made right | It sinks like a stone, and the rope”which has been gnawed upon by the feral brains”snaps, sending the bell to the irretrievable depths. |
| irreversible | that which cannot be changed back | The telescope, on the other hand, brought about its immediate and irreversible collapse. |
| irrevocable | that which cannot be changed | But he had created an irrevocable moment”opened a door”that could only lead to one inevitable outcome. |
| agitated | anxious and nervous behavior | He pushed an agitated hand through his hair. |
| antics | ridiculous and dangerous behavior | “Spy all you like, young one. You are probably right, no one will notice your antics. You might even find out something.” |
| audacity | brave but shocking behavior | “I refuse to let those folks in that office demean me because I have the audacity to ask for help.” |
| backslapping | loud and enthusiastic behavior | They just left silently”no parties, no backslapping, no addresses exchanged. |
| barbarism | cruel and violent behavior | As the bomb explodes, it sends accusations of injustice and barbarism and cruelty flying out in every direction. |
| bestiality | cruel and disgusting behavior | “You know, some people think it’s bestiality, for a Wookiee to love a human,” Daisy said. |
| braggadocio | too proud and confident behavior | Shakespeare frequently uses violations of decorum for comic effect, as witness Bottom’s muddled attempts at eloquence, Pistol’s braggadocio, and Polonius’s foolish high-sounding waffle. |
| chivalry | kind and polite behavior by men towards women | He had to perfect himself for Arthur as somebody who was good at games, and he had to think about the theories of chivalry even when he was in bed at night. |
| courtesy | polite behavior to show respect for others | “I want no courtesies either,” Mormont said, “so thank me no thanks. Honor the steel with deeds, not words.” |
| debauchery | very immoral behavior involving drugs, etc. | Dubbed the nation’s most eligible bachelor, Vanderbilt eschewed the debauchery that would have tempted other men fresh out of their teens and into a bottomless bank account. |
| deceit | too proud and confident behavior | It is truth they enact, a truth that shames all human falsehoods and deceits. |
| decency | honest, polite and respectful behavior | It was a useful reminder that all men, even the most seemingly cold-blooded, have a core of decency, and that if their heart is touched, they are capable of changing. |
| decorum | polite behavior in social situation | Forgetting all decorum, I leap through the soft wet soil, careless of the seedlings underfoot, and rise on my toes to embrace him. |
| delicacy | very careful behavior in a difficult situation | On the screen, Philby is answering another question: “In the second place, the Burgess-Maclean affair has raised issues of great””he pauses””delicacy.” |
| delinquency | criminal behavior of young people | Meg returned to her place, and supper was progressing pleasantly, when the little ghost walked again, and exposed the maternal delinquencies by boldly demanding, “More sudar, Marmar.” |
| devilment | wild and trouble-causing behavior | “My guess is that he and my son Bruno are up to some devilment,” Mr Jenkins went on. |
| dissipation | enjoyable but harmful behavior | Her mind seemed wholly taken up with reminiscences of past gaiety, and aspirations after dissipations to come. |
| eccentricity | strange or unusual behavior | Despite these precautions, from the very first day, the headmistress had no trouble discerning the eccentricities of her new pupil. |
| effrontery | too confident and very rude behavior | Leaving everybody to wonder where she had learned her effrontery from. |
| etiquette | formal rules of correct behavior in society | “I don’t know the proper Roman etiquette, but can I bash this kid now?’ |
| ferocity | aggressive behavior | Gerald ran to the phone and punched the numbers with fear and ferocity. |
| frivolity | amusing and silly behavior | Maria had grown up Calvinist, a form of Protestant Christianity with a deep distrust of frivolity and vanity. |
| gentility | extremely good or calm behavior | He admired the gentility of the city’s citizens and the cleanliness of its streets. |
| grace | polite and pleasant behavior | Below, his father and his cronies clambered over the wreck with the feral grace of tiger monkeys. |
| histrionic | sentimental and insincere behavior | I therefore did my damnedest to ignore my histrionic imagination and grimly followed Rob into the eerie blue labyrinth. |
| hostility | unfriendly and aggressive behavior | As hostility between the United States and the Soviet Union increased, it began to feel like a probability. |
| idiocy | extremely stupid behavior | “They don’t think you’re that complex”just an even blend of Abnegation and Dauntless”selfless to the point of idiocy. Or is that brave to the point of idiocy?” |
| impropriety | dishonest, morally wrong and inappropriate behavior | In part, people accused her of impropriety because she shared her home with both her husband and her ex-husband. |
| nuisance | annoying behavior | “Monkeys are always such a nuisance,” he said, shaking his head. |
| rampage | sudden period of wild and violent behavior | Unlike the custom of rampaging religious mobs or conquering armies running riot, that morning in the Heart of Darkness the posse of Touchable Policemen acted with economy, not frenzy. |
| whim | sudden and unusual change in behavior | The rise of a middle class – and a growing, wage-earning working class, as London’s industry expanded – was to have a greater effect on changing musical tastes in Britain than the whims of aristocratic patrons. |
| wickedness | very immoral behavior | The boy flashes a grin tinged with wickedness, and I find myself smiling in return. |
| allergist | a doctor who treats allergies | By their constant contact with the chemicals these men keep themselves desensitized ” as an allergist keeps his patients desensitized by repeated small injections of the allergen. |
| anesthesiologist | a doctor who administers anesthesia | No obstetricians, no anesthesiologists, no fancy monitoring devices. |
| audiologist | a doctor who treats hearing problems | I spoke with one audiologist in my riding |
| cardiologist | a doctor who treats heart diseases | When his cardiologist moved and referred Wilson to another doctor, he was annoyed by what he considered the rudeness of the office staff. |
| dentist | a doctor who treats teeth and gum problems | “In every town. Sometimes on every block. And about as significant, in this context, as dentists’ offices. |
| dermatologist | a doctor who treats skin diseases | They visit plastic surgeons and dermatologists for costly and frequent cosmetic procedures. |
| endocrinologist | a doctor who treats endocrine system | A growth on her adrenal gland had turned up on a Bellevue CAT scan, prompting a visit to an endocrinologist. |
| epidemiologist | a doctor who treats epidemic diseases | “Since you’re an epidemiologist,” I said, “did you know that seventy percent of household dust is actually composed of human epidermal matter?” |
| geriatrician | a doctor who treats old people | For those with early stages of dementia with some insight into their condition, there may be the sense that “the locus of control is moving away from you”, explains Duncan Forsyth, a consultant geriatrician. |
| gynecologist | a doctor who treats female problems | Dread of the perverted gynecologist and his inquisitorial instruments. |
| hematologist | a doctor who treats blood diseases | “Blood type is a . . . standard matter. A standard procedure for any hematologist”typing blood.” |
| hepatologist | a doctor who treats liver diseases | “I’ve been a hematologist for the past six and a half years. Strictly a hematologist. “ |
| immunologist | a doctor who treats immune system | After that there’s a single visit to an allergist and then visits to three different immunologists. |
| microbiologist | a doctor who treats microbes-related infectious diseases | Avery had established himself as a competent microbiologist, but had never imagined venturing into the new world of genes and chromosomes. |
| neonatologist | a doctor who treats new-born babies | Why did the gerontologist immediately switch his choice after watching the debate? |
| nephrologist | a doctor who treats kidney problems | “Well then, the neurologist’s office called. Your appointment is next Friday. It would mean taking you out of school again.” |
| neurologist | a doctor who treats nerve diseases | Dr. Gazzaley, a neurologist, would bring his understanding of neural networks, and the technology that looked at the inner-workings of the brain. |
| neurosurgeon | a doctor who treats nervous system | Dr. Strauss is a psychiatrist and a neurosurgeon. |
| oncologist | a doctor who treats cancer diseases | Serena, who was already in Boston, met Farmer and rushed the samples to the oncologist at Mass General. |
| ophthalmologist | a doctor who treats eye problems | Yesterday all anyone here could talk about was Anne’s eyes, because Mother had suggested I go to the ophthalmologist with Mrs. Kleiman. |
| orthopedist | a doctor who treats broken bones | Annette wasn’t on board ” it turned out she was late because of an orthopedist appointment ” so I sat next to Renee. |
| pediatrician | a doctor who treats children | My pediatrician did the same thing with his fingers when he was sitting behind his desk getting ready to tell my mother something about my allergies or what booster shots I needed. |
| podiatrist | a doctor who treats foot and ankle problems | On the ground floor were two physicians’ offices, a podiatrist and a psychiatrist. |
| psychiatrist | a doctor who treats mental illnesses | I know that’s wrong because it’s my responsibility, and I know that things get worse before they get better because that’s what my psychiatrist says, but this is a worse that feels too big. |
| pulmonologist | a doctor who treats lung illnesses | Much of the ethnic diversity in Chokecherry comes from visiting paleontologists involved in the dinosaur excavation sponsored by Wexford-Smythe University. |
| veterinarian | a doctor who treats diseases of animals | She is only Dr. Martin: bird expert, veterinarian, rescuer of falcons and eaglets. |
| accelerometer | an instrument for measuring accelerations | “But the accelerometers caught it and calculated the new center of mass. The guidance computer is adjusting the engines’ thrusts to counteract. We’re still good.” |
| altimeter | an instrument for measuring altitude | Slightly to the left and below the altimeter he saw a small rectangular panel with a lighted dial and two knobs. |
| ammeter | an instrument for measuring electric current | The ammeter would have the same reading if located between points d and e or between points f and a as it does in the position shown. |
| anemometer | an instrument for measuring wind speed | El Faro didn’t even have a working anemometer, a wind-speed gauge. |
| audiometer | an instrument for measuring hearing | A new audiometer for hearing test is disclosed |
| barometer | an instrument for measuring air pressure | Descartes knew all about this work”as we have mentioned, he suggested the idea of taking a barometer up a mountain to see how the pressure changed with altitude. |
| bolometer | an instrument for measuring electromagnetic radiation | Radiation-detectors known as bolometers are vital instruments in many fields of science. |
| calipers | an instrument for measuring diameter of tubes and round objects | Finally, to simulate pulling together the arms of a struggling inmate in order to handcuff him behind his back, I squeezed together a pair of calipers representing fifty pounds of resistance. |
| gradiometer | an instrument for measuring the angle of a slope | For sale at Sotheby’s in New York on May 14 and 15 will be “Combine,” a 1954 work that incorporates a light bulb and Crookes radiometers as well as newspaper clippings, charcoal, oil and fabric. |
| electrometer | an instrument for measuring electrical potential | Accelerated particles would strike this strip at the end of their spiral journeys, with their final energies to be measured by an electrometer wired to it. |
| endoscope | an instrument for seeing internal body organs | Stick an endoscope up a mummy’s nose and you’ll find an empty space. |
| galvanometer | an instrument for measuring electricity | When a galvanometer detected a signal, it created a magnetic field. |
| hygrometer | an instrument for measuring humidity | Some humidifiers include a built-in hygrometer, an instrument that measures humidity in the air, so you can easily check room humidity. |
| microscope | an instrument for seeing very small objects | And through that microscope, for that moment, all she could see was an ocean of her mother’s cells, stained an ethereal fluorescent green. |
| odometer | an instrument for measuring number of miles a vehicle has travelled | December 31, 1999, is the evening when the great odometer in the sky clicks ahead. |
| pedometer | an instrument for measuring how far you have walked | She saw him give their parents a quick thumbs-up, and then he checked his pedometer. |
| protractor | an instrument for measuring angles | The angle of his nose is quantified with a wooden protractor. |
| seismograph | an instrument for recording earthquakes | They’re the emotional seismographs in “Evicted,” detecting every tremor in their mother’s mood. |
| seismometer | an instrument for measuring seismic waves | What follows is definitely fraught, with the sort of acting that triggers seismometers. |
| speedometer | an instrument for measuring speed | He laughs and whines and I laugh, too, keeping the speedometer on seventy-two. |
| sphygmomanometer | an instrument for measuring blood pressure | When using a sphygmomanometer, the cuff is placed around the upper arm and inflated until blood flow is completely blocked, then slowly released. |
| stethoscope | an instrument for listening somebody’s heart and breathing | Greetings are exchanged, and Farmer checks everyone with his stethoscope. |
| tachometer | an instrument for measuring speed of engine | If you want, you can spend countless hours talking about bezels, tachometers, straight lugging and serial numbers. |
| telescope | an instrument of seeing distant objects | “Keep looking. It’s a special telescope so it might take your eyes a few seconds to adjust.” |
| thermometer | an instrument for measuring temperature | Accidents Happen is on the front, along with a picture of a puppy that has a bag of ice on its head and a thermometer in its mouth. |
| viscometer | an instrument for measuring viscosity | Another tracked the movement of fluids using a curved glass instrument called a viscometer. |
| voltmeter | an instrument for measuring voltage | Suppose you want 10 V to produce a full- scale deflection of a voltmeter containing a 25-Ω galvanometer with a 50-µA sensitivity. |
| abattoir | a place where animals are killed for their meat | Much less data support the notion that Old World bacteria and viruses turned the New World into an abattoir.* |
| airbase | a place from where military aircraft flies | General William Westmoreland, the commanding general of US forces in Vietnam, pointed out that the American air base in Da Nang, near the border between North and South Vietnam, was now vulnerable to attack. |
| archives | a place where public, government or historical records are kept | More like a young man who spent all his time in the library of the university, or the private archives of the local magistrate. |
| arsenal | a place where weapons and ammunitions are stored | There were a few guns, ours included, some crossbows, and an arsenal of knives. |
| apiary | a place where bees are kept | Seaway Trail Honey, an upstate apiary, will provide its product, derived from wildflower nectar. |
| barn | a place where grains are stored | A few outbuildings, a toolshed, a little barn had all sagged into piles of faded slabs and rusty nails. |
| bakery | a place where bread and cakes are made | Street corners near bakeries”these were the best. |
| aviary | a place where birds are kept | Lourdes, who defiantly rebuilt the aviary and restocked it with birds, never spoke to her mother-in-law again. |
| byre | a place where cows are sheltered | The townlands were rich, with wide tilth and many orchards, and homesteads there were with oast and garner, fold and byre, and many rills rippling through the green from the highlands down to Anduin. |
| cemetery | a place for burial of dead bodies | It was technically illegal to bury anyone on company property, but the colored people had a cemetery somewhere up Snakeroot Hollow. |
| creamery | a place where milk and cream are made into butter and cheese | I had a job at the campus creamery, flipping burgers and scooping ice cream. |
| crèche | a place where small children are taken care of while their parents are working | That year everybody wanted one of her creches, especially since she did not charge for them. |
| depot | a place where buses are kept | But Cora asked everyone on the farm sooner or later, the farm being its own kind of depot, attracting people who were between places. |
| depository | a place where things can be stored | Some 14,700 tons of silver worth more than $300 million were procured from the depository on the understanding that every ounce would be returned after the war. |
| domicile | a place where you live legally and permanently | From the humble beginnings of the storefront on Hart Street, to the respectable but by no means splashy domicile off Beniteau, Assumption was finally going to get a grand church building. |
| grave | a place in the ground where a dead person is buried | “Do you ever find yourself climbing into an open grave during a bombing raid,” I said, “and just wish you’d stayed in bed?” |
| hangar | a place where aircraft are kept | The ship was so big that it barely fit through my hangar doors. |
| harem | a place where women dwelled in ancient time | A castrated man; especially, one of those who were employed as harem attendants or functionaries in certain Oriental courts. |
| hermitage | a place where a hermit lives | His first night in the hermitage was, deliberately, a sleepless one. |
| hideout | a place where somebody goes to hide | They didn’t know I was actually in my hideout right now. |
| hotbed | a place where a lot of bad activities happen | She turned around and looked at all the chicken in the hotbed. |
| intersection | a place where two or more roads cross each other | He reported that earlier in the day the rebel Fourth Armored Division had seized the airport and key intersections in the city. |
| junkyard | a place where old machines (car, etc.) are collected | On the other side, you can see an old trailer park and a junkyard where cars go to die. |
| laundry | a place where clothes are washed | It’s airless and hot inside and musty, like dirty laundry. |
| lumberyard | a place where wood is stored | I sprinted past the business block and across the tracks by the depot toward the lumberyard. |
| mint | a place where money is made | Other than these small businesses, there are more shingled houses, the same shape and size and in the same state of mild decrepitude, painted mint, or lilac, or powder blue. |
| mortuary | a place in hospital where dead bodies are kept | I run my finger over the mortuary tablets. |
| museum | a place where historical or artistic objects are kept and shown to public | They followed their plan: checked out of the museum and re-entered through a back door. |
| nursery | a place where plants are grown for sale | “Make it so pleasant he won’t want to go away. My dear, he’s longing for his little home, but it isn’t home without you, and you are always in the nursery.” |
| orphanage | a place where orphans live | They bothered many of the people in town, but they left our orphanage alone. |
| paddock | a place where horses are kept | The elephantine flying horses that had pulled the carriage were now grazing in a makeshift paddock alongside it. |
| perch | a place where a bird rests | The gulls were still quiet, perched on their rocky nests. |
| perfumery | a place where perfumes are made | Custom bath products are from MiN, a New York-based perfumery and apothecary. |
| piggery | a place where pigs are kept | There were stables, cowsheds, a piggery, a chicken house, and two large barns with haylofts. |
| pottery | a place where clay pots and dishes are made | There was the familiar sound of a mug clinking against the water jar, then a tinkling crash of broken pottery. |
| pound | a place where illegally parked vehicles are kept | When we came off the floor after the first number, we both were wringing wet with sweat, and people were shouting and pounding our backs. |
| port | a place where ships seek shelter | “He and Hatchet are leaving port this morning on a ship called the Tin Bucket. She’s docked at Black Boar Pier now.” |
| quarry | a place where stone, etc. are dug out of the ground | The ranch hand waited until his quarry had reached the door, then fired a farewell volley: “If you ever run for sheriff again, just forget my vote. ‘Cause you ain’t gonna get it.” |
| rendezvous | a place where people have arranged to meet | I crossed the street and stepped into a Burger King, our rendezvous point. |
| repository | a place where something is stored in large quantities | The east side increasingly became the repository for the town’s white-collar class. |
| roost | a place where birds sleep | “Respect the ladies,” she told Ess, as the little girl stared up at a hen roosting in the low branch of a tree. |
| sanatorium | a place for sick people who need long period of treatment or rest | A good sanatorium here might be worth twenty thousand a year. |
| sheepfold | a place where sheep are kept | Already a flight of four had been seen over the southwest shores of Hosk, not alighting but spying out the sheepfolds, barns, and villages. |
| shipyard | a place where sheep are built or repaired | “I can get Snook a job at the shipyard,” he said, using Jimmy’s family nickname. |
| sanctuary | a place where wild birds and animals are protected | One was the antique clock on the sanctuary wall. |
| smithy | a place where blacksmith works | The wagons drew up in a crescent in front of what had once been the village smithy. |
| stockyard | a place where farm animals are kept temporarily | Even those employed as waiters and janitors might be enticed to leave personal service for the higher wages of the stockyards. |
| storefront | a place on the internet where you can buy goods and services | Assumption Church, which at that time operated out of a small storefront on Hart Street, was still less than a quarter full. |
| strong-room | a place in bank where valuable items are kept | Naming their site the “New Royal City”, it was in 1937 that two bricked-up strongrooms were found, containing large amounts of bronze, alabaster, Roman glass and ivory, even Chinese lacquer. |
| treasury | a place where valuable items are kept | “The treasury is the safest place on the island.” |
| venue | a place where people meet for an organized event | He was not intimidated by his change of venue. |
| abolitionist | a person who is in favor of the ending of a system, law or institution | Many were college-educated and the descendants of Quakers, abolitionists, and other social reformers. |
| absentee | a person who is not in a place where they are expected to be | Its residents’ struggle to maintain their dignity despite absentee landlords and poor city services was intense and ongoing. |
| abstainer | a person who does not vote either in favor or against something | They were denied the chance, for Mr. Clutter, an abstainer aggressively opposed to drink and drunkards, seized a gun and marched them off his property. |
| accomplice | a person who helps somebody to do something wrong or illegal | My sister, always the loyal accomplice, never snitched. |
| accused | a person who is on trial for committing a crime | They made her bed together, and just as they finished, Citra said, “In conclave you accused me of lying.” |
| ace | a person who is very good at doing something | It’s ace being mistaken for an older kid. |
| acolyte | a person who follows and helps a leader | The acolytes were clad in robes of pale yellow and bright orange, priests and priestesses in red. |
| acquaintance | a person that you know but who is not your close friend | They might all have hoped to rise by Harriet’s acquaintance: and besides, what was the value of Harriet’s description?”So easily pleased”so little discerning;”what signified her praise? |
| activist | a person who works to achieve social or political change | Days before the second college semester began, we met the civil rights’ activist Harry Belafonte, who was motivated to meet us after seeing the Freedom Writers on television. |
| actuary | a person who calculates premium relating to insurance | Jeremy Fitzgerald was crossing the street when a drunk and distraught man”an insurance actuary”in a white BMW hit him at twenty miles per hour. |
| addict | a person who has become dependent on drugs or something else | Then with an agonizing patience that might span anywhere from a few months to a year, our ex-junkie Muslims would conduct the addicts through the Muslim six-point therapeutic process. |
| aesthete | a person who loves arts and beautiful things | A product of upper-tier English society, he was also an aesthete and idealist with decidedly romantic sensibilities. |
| aficionado | a person who is very fond of a particular activity or subject and knows a lot about it | During the summer of 1955 Bobby serendipitously happened upon a gathering place for chess aficionados and, in so doing, raised his game to a whole new level. |
| aggressor | a person who attacks first | The warehouse cat was always the aggressor, while the attic cat was ultimately the victor, just as in politics. |
| agitator | a person who takes part in a political protest | Ross was typical of the effective, street agitator. |
| altruist | a person who cares about the need of other people | Ms. Malone said maybe bats are altruists, which means they’re sharing to help the other bats, even if it’s a risk. |
| amateur | a person who does something not professionally but for pleasure | In the next quarter century amateur bone hunters discovered dozens of what they believed to be ancient skeletons in what they believed to be ancient sediments. |
| ambidextrous | a person who can use both hands equally well | But never did, because try as he might, he just wasn’t ambidextrous. |
| amoral | a person who is not concerned with right or wrong | “That is need expressed in all its amoral simplicity. But any reÂgrets now?” |
| ancestor | a person in your family who lived a long time ago | But over time my eyes and ears adjusted, so that I began to feel at home with those fragments of my people’s history: stories of pioneers, my ancestors, striking out across the American wilderness. |
| angler | a person who catches fish as a hobby | The angler fish’s large abdomen crashed against the ice, and surprisingly, the ice did not crack. |
| apostate | a person who deserts his religion | My father never went along, having become an apostate at the age of eight over the exorbitant price of votive candles. |
| appellant | a person who appeals against a decision made in court | Each year approximately 7,000 appellants petition to have their cases heard before the Supreme Court, but only 100 to 150 of these petitions are reviewed. |
| arbitrator | a person appointed by parties to settle the disputes between them | Martial law enabled the army to assume the functions of arbitrator in the controversy, but no effort at conciliation was made. |
| arsonist | a person who is guilty of firing property | On February 27, 1933, one month after Hitler’s appointment, a known Communist and arsonist set fire to the Reichstag, the parliamentary building. |
| ascetic | a person who doesn’t allow himself physical pleasure for religious region | Most of it he contributed anonymously to the monks of a local monastery”humble ascetics who had dedicated their lives to raising German police dogs. |
| assailant | a person who attacks somebody physically | He found her in the midst of the most terrible indignity a woman could suffer, and he struggled to rescue his stepdaughter from the clutches of the assailant. |
| bellicose | a person who is fond of fighting | In this bellicose context, the Blackfoot party knew exactly what to do when it happened upon a slumbering Shoshone encampment. |
| bigot | a person who has narrow and prejudiced religious views | I tell her it’s haunted, spooked, that it’s the isle of brutes and bigots. |
| blabbermouth | a person who talks too much and often says secret things | “And not a word about this to the others, you blabbermouth.” |
| bookworm | a person who is extremely fond of reading books | “Yeah. She used to be cool. But like, she’s been saying stuff about you. Calling you Miss Goody Two-shoes and a snotty bookworm.” |
| bumpkin | a person who comes from a village and considered stupid | He kept saying she was a big bumpkin pumpkin and I don’t think she would have even done anything except he kept cackling in her ear. |
| burglar | a person who breaks into a house to commit theft | “The burglar has to go to jail because he did something bad first. The policeman puts him there to keep us safe.” |
| cacographic | a person who is bad in spelling | Most lovely is the youthful hand of his eldest daughter: the cacography of her later years is, alas! something horrible. |
| calligrapher | a person who has a beautiful handwriting | Thaya Jaan shows us the parts of the complex where there was a calligraphers’ market in olden times, and we pause by the huge square wudu fountain in the center of the courtyard. |
| callous | a person who is devoid of kind feeling and sympathy | Celaena stumbled, her calloused feet slipping on the smooth floor as she straightened herself. |
| celibate | a person who is unmarried | But even then he could have borne living with her if it had been agreed that they should remain celibate. |
| charlatan | a person who pretends to have more knowledge | “This is an outrage, Judge. I retract my bid on the grounds that I have been tricked, manipulated, and lied to. This man is a charlatan. He told me he worked for the government.” |
| connoisseur | a person who is very well versed in any subject | Unlike Dad and Henry, who as they got older and had families became less music performers than music connoisseurs, Kerry stayed single and stayed faithful to his first love: playing music. |
| convalescent | a person who is recovering from illness | For that reason we did not spend a convalescent leave together. |
| cynic | a person who thinks human nature is evil | She might be a natural-born cynic, but she knew the right word when she heard it. |
| dandy | a person who pays too much attention to his clothes and appearance | The day that she saw him pass by her bedroom she thought that Pietro Crespi was a sugary dandy next to that protomale whose volcanic breathing could be heard all over the house. |
| disciple | a person who follows the teachings of a religious or political leader | And there were plenty of private videos uploaded to the Thunderhead, showing Goddard and his disciples doling out immunity like bread to the poor. |
| duffer | a person who cannot do anything well | When asked why he used this salutation, he said, “In life we are all masters,” countering a past champion’s chestnut, “In life we are all duffers.” |
| egoist | a person who thinks only of himself | And while it’s true that the reason people tune into these shows is for the melodrama, I think “caring” might be too strong a term when talking about America’s feelings towards these egoists. |
| emissary | a person sent to deliver an official message | Concentrating on the answer to the emissary’s question helped steady Tree-ear. |
| employer | a person who employs somebody | Even when not barred by law from holding specific jobs, formerly incarcerated and convicted people in Chicago find it extraordinarily difficult to find employers who will hire them, regardless of the nature of their conviction. |
| epicure | a person who is fond of sensuous pleasures | But England was otherwise no country for the epicure |
| fanatic | a person who has too much enthusiasm for his own religion | Though Hoover conceded that some might deem him a “fanatic,” he reacted with fury to any violations of the rules. |
| fatalist | a person who believes in fate | Mrs. Beaverbrook, the fatalist, practically burst into tears and said in a timid little voice, “Oh, it’s so awful. Oh, the guns are so loud!””which is another way of saying “I’m so scared.” |
| feminist | a person who thinks welfare of women | One of the most famous”or infamous”of these New Departure feminists was Victoria Claflin Woodhull. |
| hedonist | a person who believes that pleasure is the main aim | When the game was over, he promised himself to be the opposite of a hedonist. |
| henpecked | a man who dances to the tunes of his wife | He looked like a henpecked husband, a pushover, a sucker. |
| hippy | a person who is against ordinary society and takes illegal drugs | “When I set out on this crazy hippy trip 44 years ago, little did I know how this rollercoaster would run,” the 78-year-old said. |
| hypocrite | a person who pretends to be what he/she is not | “He was a liar and a hypocrite too.” |
| idiosyncrasy | a person’s peculiar habit | These examples illustrate the broad range of questions concerning cultural idiosyncrasies, unrelated to environment and initially of little significance, that might evolve into influential and long-lasting cultural features. |
| illiterate | a person who cannot read or write | Their leader was a mysterious, illiterate, one-eyed recluse named Mullah Omar, who, Rasheed said with some amusement, called himself Ameer-ul-Mumineen, Leader of the Faithful. |
| immigrant | a person who comes to a foreign land to settle | Though he himself had no documents, the compatriots he encountered on his first days were here legally, like most other Greek immigrants, and could help him. |
| imposter | a person who pretends to be somebody he/she is not | I stand in the crosshairs, feeling like an imposter, waiting to be found at any moment and ushered out. |
| irritable | a person who is very easily made angry | She was not of so ungovernable a temper as Lydia; and, removed from the influence of Lydia’s example, she became, by proper attention and management, less irritable, less ignorant, and less insipid. |
| itinerant | a person who travels from place to place | Between the other vendors”totally beaten and ailing itinerants whose names are something like Buddy, Pal, Sport, Top, Buck, and Ace”and my customers, I am apparently trapped in a limbo of lost souls. |
| malcontent | a person who is always dissatisfied | As soon as you have revealed your intention to one malcontent, you give him the means to make himself content, since he can have everything he desires by revealing the plot. |
| malingerer | a person who pretends illness to escape duty | If the woman refused, they would report to the office that the woman was a malingerer. |
| mediator | a person chosen by parties who have a controversy to settle their differences | Methuselah also attended to act as mediator and counselor, approving some ideas while discouraging others, calming the hothead and encouraging the timid. |
| mediocre | a person who is neither intelligent nor dull | “There will never be a mediocre black athlete to play at Permian,” said Hearne. |
| miser | a person who spends very little | But she loved Coraline as a miser loves money, or a dragon loves its gold. |
| misogamist | a person who does not believe in the institution of marriage | Strindberg has been called both misogamist and misogynist. |
| monomaniac | a person who is obsessed with one idea or subject | There’s something compellingly off about him; he’s a milk-drinking straight arrow with a monomaniac streak that runs him afoul of department politics. |
| neophyte | a person who is a newcomer | Ben noticed that other Marines were beginning to watch their table as the word of the neophyte drinker spread around the bar. |
| notary | a person who is publically authorized to attest documents | Mother or Daddy would come by with the notary to check their driver’s license. |
| novice | a person who is new to a trade or profession | “We go from aspirant to novice drüskelle in the ceremony at the sacred ash.” |
| numismatist | a person who collects coins | I’m no numismatist, but to me the design looks haunted, as if Tubman’s form won’t quite affix to the page. |
| orator | a person who makes an eloquent public speech | Tom never learned to read but liked to show off his volume of Lander’s Appeal, which the great orator had signed to him. |
| orphan | a person without father and mother | “Well, not a regular orphan. I had people and all, but my mama died and nobody would take me in. It was on account of the way she died that nobody would take me.” |
| parasite | a person supported by another and giving him/her nothing in return | He could not persuade himself that a “beneficent & omnipotent God” would have created parasites and would have cats play with and torture mice. |
| pedestrian | a person who goes on foot | She passes only a handful of other pedestrians on the cobblestone streets, each partially hidden beneath an umbrella. |
| philistine | a person who does not care for art, literature etc | At first glance classic style sounds naive and philistine, suited only to a world of concrete goings-on. |
| pilgrim | a person who journeys to a holy place | As I prostrated, the Mutawaf fended pilgrims off to keep me from being trampled. |
| pioneer | a person who does something first | She was demonstrating the use of a pioneer butter churn, and her eyes roamed all over the crowds beside the street. |
| plagiarist | a person who copies from other writers | Indeed, his account of Leibniz’s conflict with Newton is not symmetrical, since Leibniz was a plagiarist and Newton was not. |
| plaintiff | a person who brings an action at law | From their seat in a tiny witness box in a packed courtroom, plaintiffs would face aggressive white lawyers firing questions at them as white judges looked on. |
| pragmatist | a person who is practical and sensible | Ever the pragmatist, Rutherford was the first to see that there could be a valuable practical application in this. |
| quack | a person who pretends skill in medicine and surgery | Unable to repel the quacks with a clear theory of their own, archaeologists and anthropologists found themselves enveloped in a cloud of speculation. |
| recluse | a person who lives alone and avoids other people | Perhaps I could live in your room like a recluse. |
| raconteur | a person who tells stories in amusing and interesting way | There are, to be sure, stand-up comedians, shaggy- dog raconteurs, consummate essayists, and authors of mystery novels who can build up curiosity and suspense and then resolve it all with a sudden revelation. |
| refugee | a person who takes shelter in another country | “Are the refugees coming here?” a merchant lady asked. |
| renegade | a person who forsakes religion | I’ve had to become a renegade and hide in this remote place, and I thought we were safe; but now to learn that you found us so easily”well, you can understand, that worries me. |
| rustic | a person who has no manners | Despite the midday heat, I wore a cloak over my rustic dress as if it were the burden of all my thoughts. |
| sadist | a person who hurts other people in order to get pleasure | So where does he get off to call me a public avenger and a sadist and everything? |
| scapegoat | a person who is made to bear the blame | As things had gone from bad to worse, people had taken out their anger on the easiest scapegoats: my family. |
| snob | a person who hates persons of lower social position | Corporal Snark was an intellectual snob who felt he was twenty years ahead of his time and did not enjoy cooking down to the masses. |
| spokesperson | a person who speaks on behalf of others | I had easily brushed off what Carlotta said, but the Italian Gymnastics spokesperson’s statement did bother me a bit. |
| stoic | a person who is indifferent to pleasure or pain | She posed herself straight and rigid, like a statue, her rendition of a stoic Indian. |
| teetotaler | a person who does not take alcoholic drinks | It may have been the memory of my father”open- collared, his tie loosened and stained, his eyes clouded and his breath heavy, glass in hand”that made me a teetotaler. |
| telltale | a person who enjoy talking about others private affairs | James taught Sammy how to put out a fire properly; how to cover it with dirt and then stamp on it and wait, to be sure no telltale smoke rose from the ashes. |
| timid | a person who always runs away from danger | Long after dark Kit heard her whisper outside the shed wall, so timid and faint that at first she thought she must have imagined it. |
| traitor | a person who betrays one | “Shay knew I was a traitor, at the end.” |
| turncoat | a person who changes sides | It was an offer only a turncoat could accept. |
| vagabond | a person who wanders without settled home | There was another kind of object in the sky, the wandering or vagabond stars called planets. |
| vandal | a person who damages public property | The soldier’s loudness annoyed him; this was a man who had abandoned his ogbunigwe and run off long before the vandals were close. |
| versatile | a person who has many talents | Like any other performance skill, it can be learned with practice, and it is a skill that will help you become an extremely versatile instrumentalist. |
| veteran | a person with a long experience of any occupation | Then she added, in a quite different voice: “Come to think of it, I suppose you haven’t been that slow making friends with at least some of the veterans.” |
| vindictive | a person who is determined to take full vengeance for wrongs done to him/her | It’s a sullen, vindictive cold outside, colder than it’s been in months, and my breath vaporizes as we hurry along the canal. |
| volunteer | a person who works for free | When Mr. Ferro called to let me know of the new materials, he asked for no trade, volunteering to do whatever I asked of him. |
| social | liking to be with other people | But the school still had social groupings, just like any other high school”arty kids, stoners, bros. |
| acrophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of height | “Did I ever tell you I have acrophobia?” |
| agoraphobia | an extreme fear of being in open space | An agoraphobia rose in her, speeding higher and higher, bigger and bigger; she would not be able to contain it; there would no end to fear. |
| algophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of pain | Algophobia is much more common in elderly people. |
| androphobia | an extreme fear or dislike of men | She has androphobia (a fear of men), as she has never talked to anyone male outside of her own father. |
| anglophobia | an extreme fear of britain | Jefferson’s Anglophobia was more virulent in part because it was more theoretical, a moral conclusion that followed naturally from the moralistic categories he carried around in his head. |
| bacteriophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of bacteria | The toxins of diphtheria bacilli and streptococci are produced when the organisms have been infected by bacteriophage; it is the virus that provides the code for toxin. |
| bibliophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of books | “What about all these other kids?” said Sierra, gesturing to the tables filled with the country’s top young bibliophiles. |
| carnophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of meat | |
| claustrophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of being in a confined place | We’ve been hanging out, doing our best to escape the claustrophobia of living behind a guarded electric fence”gabbing, taking circuitous walks around the camp, meeting other kids who have nothing to do. |
| dementophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of insanity | Necrophobia and thanatophobia are allied maladies, one being the fear of dead bodies and the other the fear of death itself. |
| dentophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of dentist | Necrophobia and thanatophobia are allied maladies, one being the fear of dead bodies and the other the fear of death itself. |
| entomophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of insects | Maybe it’s my entomophobia talking, but in a movie about dinosaurs, it’s funny that it takes a swarm of oversize insects to induce even the mildest case of the shivers. |
| felinophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of cats | These include a large category of fears called phobias”claustrophobia, agoraphobia, photophobia, altaphobia, phonophobia, etc. |
| gynophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of women | But one unrecognized and insidious force ““ one that some women will likely minimize or deny ““ is internalized gynophobia. |
| hodophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of road travel | “What if we have a school-wide discussion on diversity? We could show our videos and discuss issues like racism, sexism, and homophobia related to current events, like the Black Lives Matter movement or celebrating Pride.” |
| hydrophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of water | And I was so scared and mixed up about the danger of hydrophobia that it was clear into the next day before I even thought about thanking him for giving us Old Yeller. |
| lygophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of darkness | The fear of darkness or night has several non-clinical terminologies—lygophobia, scotophobia and achluophobia. |
| megalophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of large things | Jefferson’s Anglophobia was more virulent in part because it was more theoretical, a moral conclusion that followed naturally from the moralistic categories he carried around in his head. |
| mottephobia | an extreme fear or dislike of moths | Situated, as we were, on the bank of a huge river, the metaphor suggested the prison was a big body of water and we were all in it together. |
| nicrophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of death | “Did I ever tell you I have acrophobia?” |
| noctiphobia | an extreme fear or dislike of the night | It sometimes presents itself with related phobias, including phasmophobia, the fear of ghosts; wiccaphobia, the fear of witchcraft; and nyctophobia, the fear of darkness. |
| ochlophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of crowd | “Did I ever tell you I have acrophobia?” |
| pathophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of disease | Maybe it was this medicine that was causing the photophobia, the eye dryness and now the burning. |
| peniaphobia | an extreme fear or dislike of poverty | The whole thing was crazy and mean-spirited, of course, its underlying bigotry and xenophobia hardly concealed. |
| phasmophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of ghosts | My grandmother had no use for all the gay bashing and homophobia in the world, especially among other Indians. |
| photophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of light | Maybe it was this medicine that was causing the photophobia, the eye dryness and now the burning. |
| radiophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of radiation | Some of the confusion might be explained by poor communications between Ahuas and the outside world ““ there was only the hospital’s radiophone and mail that reached the post irregularly. |
| rupophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of dirt | You’re free to load up Mors and Alester with perks, combat expertise and skills, but must counterbalance each with a corresponding foible, such as allergies, gout or pyrophobia. |
| somniphobia | an extreme fear or dislike of sleep | It wasn’t the abusive rhetoric, the blatant xenophobia. |
| tachophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of speed | The eccentric young postmodern characters are played with touching emotional delicacy, and the mother adds a layer of humorous technophobia in her clueless struggles with online dating. |
| theophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of gods or religion | Maybe it was this medicine that was causing the photophobia, the eye dryness and now the burning. |
| thermophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of heat | In physics, thermophobia is motion of particles in mixtures (solutions, suspensions, etc.) towards the areas of lower temperatures, a particular case of thermophoresis. |
| xenophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of foreigners or strangers | It wasn’t the abusive rhetoric, the blatant xenophobia. |
| zoophobia | an extreme fear or dislike of animals | |
| anglophile | somebody who is very fond of britain or british things | My mother was a Masterpiece Theatre junkie back in the day, total anglophile. |
| bibliophile | somebody who is extremely fond of books | “What about all these other kids?” said Sierra, gesturing to the tables filled with the country’s top young bibliophiles. |
| dromomania | a very strong desire for travel | Ishmael did not stand up well on high seas and had become addicted to Dramamine. |
| kleptomania | a very strong desire for stealing things | Bunny had had a mild tendency towards kleptomania, and was apt to pocket any small, valueless articles that caught his eye”nail clippers, buttons, spools of tape. |
| logomania | a very strong desire for talking | Logos are once again writ large on the runways ” in a nod to the “logomania” of the ’80s and ’90s, brands are reintroducing their classic monogrammed leather goods in fresh ways. |
| theomania | a very strong belief that you are god | In my mind, Kristin Chenoweth will be waiting for us on a staircase at this Port Authority place, probably singing the theme to “New York, New York.” |
| megalomania | a very strong desire of being important | Is the answer megalomania, the self-regard of a man who likes being photographed bare-chested on horseback? |
| monomania | a very strong desire for one particular thing | He could be generous and caring to a fault, but he had a darker side as well, characterized by monomania, impatience, and unwavering self-absorption, qualities that seemed to intensify through his college years. |
| pyromania | a very strong desire for setting fires | Not with the fire department, which would know right away it was arson and dismiss it as another case of pyromania in a neighborhood crawling with firebugs. |
| academic | connected with education | They bragged about their facilities and their winning traditions and none of them, of course, made any mention of the academic difficulties he would face in college. |
| administrative | connected with organizing the work of an institution | A hockey stadium, a swimming stadium, an equestrian stadium, an enormous and monolithic exhibition hall, a gymnasium, a Greek amphitheater, tennis courts, restaurants, and sprawling administrative buildings were all in various stages of completion. |
| articulatory | connected with the action of making speech sounds | Linguist Gretchen McCulloch noted that existing words give us very little guidance, and that the sequence of the voiced phoneme /v/ and unvoiced /f/ make for some tricky articulatory acrobatics. |
| automotive | connected with engines-driven vehicles | She put on some worn denim overalls that her husband had brought along with other automotive items and set about on a new restoration of the house. |
| bridal | connected with a bride or wedding | It looked like a room of little bridal veils. |
| bucolic | connected with the countryside or country life | In their wake fell a strange and bucolic calm, as if it were just another summer day, and nothing out of the ordinary had happened. |
| budgetary | connected with a budget | I try not to picture Grandma Rose’s reaction when I tell her Kareena wants me to be a budgetary assistant. |
| cardiac | connected with the heart or heart disease | “Could you get a nurse? My chest feels very…tight. I think I’m going into cardiac arrest.” |
| cellular | connected with cells of plants and animals | A miscarriage is lonely, painful, and demoralizing almost on a cellular level. |
| cinematic | connected with movies | She held the smoke in and then turned in cinematic profile and let it out. |
| circumstantial | connected with particular circumstances | But because the evidence was circumstantial, and because Bryce’s family was rich and powerful with lots of influence in New Rome, he’d got away with the lighter sentence of banishment. |
| clerical | connected with office work | Somehow Ellsworth had blundered”either through carelessness or a clerical error”and didn’t pay $480 that was owed, and as contractually agreed upon, the company had the right to dispose of the storage room’s contents. |
| climatic | connected with climate | In addition, Australia’s aridity, infertility, and climatic unpredictability limited its hunter-gatherer population to only a few hundred thousand people. |
| cognitive | connected with mental process of understanding | We were required to write a research paper for Psychology and I chose it as my subject, then used the paper as an excuse to interrogate every neuroscientist and cognitive specialist at the university. |
| comic | connected with comedy | In the comics there are people with round holes for eyes, others who can hypnotize you instantly, others with secret identities, others who can stretch their faces into any shape at all. |
| commercial | connected with the buying and selling of goods and services | She had the kind of smile you see in toothpaste commercials, where you can see practically all of somebody’s teeth. |
| conspiratorial | connected with conspiracy | All I will hear will be that small voice, inviting and conspiratorial, gleeful, urging me over. |
| constitutional | connected with constitution | He wished to establish a precedent that clarified the constitutional ambiguities concerning the power of Congress over slavery. |
| contextual | connected with a particular context | We do this because, like vervets, we are a lot more attuned to personal cues than contextual cues. |
| corporate | connected with corporation | By the 1930s, however, utility holding companies came to symbolize the corporate corruption and greed that the average American saw as the root cause of the Great Depression. |
| culinary | connected with cooking or food | “Never mind, I’ll get the dinner and be servant, you be mistress, keep your hands nice, see company, and give orders,” said Jo, who knew still less than Meg about culinary affairs. |
| demonic | connected with the demon | Whatever demonic force moved Othor had been driven out by the flames; the twisted thing they had found in the ashes had been no more than cooked meat and charred bone. |
| devotional | connected with religious services | A long zipper of scar tissue in her side showed where she had made a devotional sacrifice to the Harvesters and the Life Cult. |
| diagnostic | connected with identifying an illness | “Psycho” had a sudden mental-ward reality about it, a systematic, diagnostic sound. |
| dictatorial | connected with a dictator | Within a few months of assuming power, however, he and his image makers had fashioned a new dictatorial narrative. |
| diplomatic | connected with managing relations between countries | Jim Kim had the finesse and diplomatic skills to deal with bureaucrats and large organizations such as WHO and the World Bank. |
| domestic | connected with the home or family | The most noteworthy achievement of Winner Lane, now in his midforties, is the sheer length of his criminal record: nearly three dozen arrests for burglary, domestic violence, trespassing, resisting arrest, and other mayhem. |
| dramatic | connected with the plays or theatre | Oppenheimer’s arrival at Berkeley was rather less dramatic than his arrival a few months earlier at Caltech, which he had reached after a breakneck automobile drive through the desert punctuated by two serious crack-ups. |
| electoral | connected with the elections | But thanks in great part to the deft political maneuverings of Aaron Burr, all twelve of New York’s electoral votes went to Jefferson. |
| elementary | connected with the first stages of a course of study | They went out to the courts behind the nearby elementary school. |
| equestrian | connected with riding horses | “Now!” cried the Wart With a blood-curdling beat of iron hoofs the mighty equestrians came together. |
| ethical | connected with beliefs and principles about what is right or wrong | Despite scientists’ fears, the ethical crackdown didn’t slow scientific progress. |
| exotic | connected with foreign countries | Her defect, frightening and exotic as it was, was also a theatrical failure. |
| extraterrestrial | connected with the life existing outside the earth | Congress and the Council of Ministers of the U.S.S.R. to fund a search for extraterrestrial intelligence is the hard part.’ |
| ferrous | connected with iron | Large ferrous appliances, such as the wheeled metal canisters for liquid nitrogen known as Dewar flasks, had to be chained in place. |
| filial | connected with the way children behave towards their parents | Fuller, who had never known his own father, developed a deep, almost filial affection for the older man. |
| fiscal | connected with public money and taxes | People swarming in, cities doubling and trebling in numbers of inhabitants, while the fiscal guardians groan over the increasing weight of improvements and the need to care for a large new spate of indigents. |
| fluvial | connected with river | “Its fluvial systems ” the natural ones and also the mesh of canals throughout the capital ” carry to us miasmata that weaken the body.” |
| forensic | connected with the crime-related scientific tests | At Belo Horizonte, he joined the university faculty and founded, on the side, Brazil’s first DNA-fingerprinting company, providing paternity tests for families and forensic studies for the police. |
| gastronomic | connected with cooking and eating good food | And the gastronomic suggestions only confirmed to my mind that the English didn’t know the meaning of the word food. |
| grisly | connected with death and violence | A sarcophagus, engraved with Ancient Greek scenes of cities in flames and heroes dying grisly deaths. |
| herbaceous | connected with plants having soft stems | But Americans pronounce the h in herbaceous, herbicide, and herbivore. |
| historical | connected with the study of history or past | “Maybe all our stuff really is in the historical records where he comes from. That would mean he’s not lying about the future. That’s good news, right?” |
| holographic | connected with hologram | He had laminated Buford’s tabletop with a magic scroll that projected a pint-sized holographic simulation of Coach Hedge. |
| imperial | connected with empire | As soon as his son was born, he began to make trips and inquiries to gain influence, in hopes that he could marry his son to a member of the imperial family. |
| infernal | connected with hell | I struggled and struggled and became wet with perspiration, but I did not want to admit defeat and pick the infernal thing up with my hands. |
| inflationary | connected with a rise in prices of goods and services | This expansion is said to be “inflationary,” meaning that the universe at one time expanded at an increasing rate rather than the decreasing rate that it does today. |
| insular | connected with an island | Supreme Court”the one branch of government charged with the responsibility of protecting “discrete and insular minorities” from the excesses of majoritarian democracy and guaranteeing constitutional rights for groups deemed unpopular or subject to prejudice. |
| interfaith | connected with people of different religions | Baba was filling Thaya Jaan in on plans for the carnival and how he was inviting local churches, synagogues, temples, and interfaith organizations to attend. |
| interpersonal | connected with relationships between people | But then he stumbled upon Martin’s definition of integration””intergroup and interpersonal living””and decided to just go with it. |
| judicial | connected with a judge | His successors strengthened the resulting embryonic Zulu state by expanding its judicial system, policing, and ceremonies. |
| lateral | connected with the side of something | She glued brackets to them, then attached those to what she’d called the “lateral” to the right, and the “upper left cuspid,” which is that tooth that looks like a fang. |
| legislative | connected with the act of making and passing law | Starvation of men as another means of breaking them, and the floggings for which Lynds had been famous, were viewed by the legislative panel as less innocuous than he pretended. |
| lexical | connected with the words of a language | For all its length and lexical exuberance, the sentence is easy to follow, because the reader never has to keep a phrase suspended in memory for long while new words pour in. |
| literary | connected with literature | She knew she was holding a one-of-a-kind literary treasure and should be feeling something along the lines of awe or amazement, but all she felt was disappointment. |
| locomotive | connected with movement | The press was an enormous lime green contraption, rollers and conveyor pulleys in a cast-iron housing; it started with the hesitancy of a nineteenth- century locomotive and shrieked and bleated while it ran. |
| magisterial | connected with a magistrate | I was surprised when this magisterial explanation met only with a look of pity and impatience. |
| managerial | connected with the work of a manager | York might be young and untested, but as Ernest’s designated director, his managerial authority would be, at least in formal terms, indisputable. |
| cosmic | connected with the whole universe | Reading about galaxies and cosmic microwaves helps me to breathe more easily. |
| marital | connected with marriage | Through his parents’ various marital split-ups, he’d moved repeatedly from one remote and inhospitable town to another, learning to negotiate a series of stepparents along the way. |
| mercantile | connected with trade and commercial affairs | Lefty’s father had loved market season at the Koza Han, but the mercantile impulse hadn’t been passed down to his son. |
| monetary | connected with all the money in a country | A high school student might be left out if you spoke about “monetary policy,” and a schoolchild might not even follow a conversation about “the economy.” |
| nautical | connected with ships and sailings | Bright arrays of nautical pennants dangled from their riggings. |
| occult | connected with magic powers | She seemed an occult figure, more spirit than human. |
| plebeian | connected with the ordinary people | This is what we can afford; but also there’s an unspoken rule that the food has to be unwaveringly plebeian. |
| poetic | connected with poetry | My relative, Chief Mdingi, suggested the name Zenani, which means “What have you brought to the world?” ” a poetic name that embodies a challenge, suggesting that one must contribute something to society. |
| respiratory | connected with breathing | Ever since I first came to the hospital more than ten years ago, she’s been the respiratory therapist here, slipping candy to me and the other CFers, like my partner in crime Poe. |
| sedimentary | connected with the sand | “Your noble experiment in sedimentary cuisine,” he said. |
| seedy | connected with immoral and illegal activities | Anyone who threw a wrench into the gears of the city’s seedy underbelly was apt to end up at the bottom of Lake Michigan. |
| semantic | connected with the meaning of words and sentences | And they distinguish both of these from semantic categories and roles like action, physical object, possessor, doer, and done-to, which refer to what the referents of the words are doing in the world. |
| sentimental | connected with emotions | The book was, true enough, what might be described as a ‘sentimental romance’ – one of a number kept in the library, and also in several of the guest bedrooms, for the entertainment of lady visitors. |
| societal | connected with society and its organization | The cities are clearly hit hardest”the crumbling impoverished areas packed with marginalized people unequipped for societal disaster. |
| spiritual | connected with the human spirit | However, the simple fact that they have been resounding failures in our century does give them a certain spiritual quality. |
| stellar | connected with the stars | Our nearest stellar neighbor, as we have seen, is Alpha Centauri, 4.3 light-years away. |
| sylvan | connected with forest and trees | The darkness of natural as well as of sylvan dusk gathered over me. |
| tidal | connected with the regular rise and fall of the sea | Great fatigue washed over me like a tidal wave, drowning my anger. |
| vegetal | connected with plants | I ask his mouth, remembering, despite the fact that my IQ is approaching the vegetal range, that he too must have a name. |
| autumnal | connected with autumn | The moon shone brightly, the night was quiet and crisp, already an autumnal tinge rode the air. |
| vernal | connected with the season of spring | I have been green, too, Miss Eyre,”ay, grass green: not a more vernal tint freshens you now than once freshened me. |
| bullish | connected with increase in the price of shares | There’s always profit-taking or the federal deficit or something or other to account for a bearish turn, and improved corporate earnings or interest rates or whatever to account for a bullish one. |
| bearish | connected with fall in the price of shares | There’s always profit-taking or the federal deficit or something or other to account for a bearish turn, and improved corporate earnings or interest rates or whatever to account for a bullish one. |
| civic | connected with the people who live in a town | We were to do a story together on Atlanta’s Negro business and civic leaders, and perhaps some others. |
| civil | connected with the people who live in a country | The Chinese ambassador to the United States attended, along with prominent government officials and civil rights leaders. |
| external | connected with the outside of something | Frederick blinks several times, as he often does when addressed in class, waiting for his internal life to catch up with his external one. |
| internal | connected with the inside of something | “Do you want me to mangle your face or do you want me just to work you over with a rubber hose so all the damage will be internal?” |
| quantitative | connected with the amount or number of something | Older students fear word problems in part because they have not been asked to find solutions to such quantitative questions at the elementary level. |
| qualitative | connected with the quality of something | And when he’s done I want to say: “There is a qualitative difference in the visual effect of the room.” |
| rural | connected with the countryside | James A. Johnson, born in rural Suffolk, Virginia, had moved with his family to Hampton as an adolescent. |
| urban | connected with a town or city | Only about a quarter of felony defendants in large urban counties were charged with a violent offense in 2006. |
| lunar | connected with the moon | From the size of the Earth’s shadow on the Moon during a lunar eclipse, he deduced that the Sun had to be much larger than the Earth, as well as very far away. |
| solar | connected with the sun | Blue walls covered with superhero and comic book posters, a solar system slowly revolved from the ceiling, a stuffed boa constrictor stretched across the foot of his bed. |
| avian | connected with birds | They cut apart birds to trace the structure of the avian skeleton, and, masked in leather hoods, they dissected a skunk. |
| bovine | connected with cows | She felt it her bovine duty to make up for each and every one of Plug’s kindnesses. |
| canine | connected with dogs | He smiles in a way that flashes one of his canines, turning the grin vicious. |
| equine | connected with horses | Out of nowhere Mom starts crying and apologizing for breaking up the family to chase her equine dreams. |
| auditory | connected with the sense of hearing | When listening to music, sound vibrations enter the auditory cortex and are instantaneously broken down into elements of pitch, timbre, spatial relations, and tone duration. |
| aural | connected with hearing and listening | It was a kind of aural trompe l’oeil. |
| optical | connected with the sense of sight | The valuable things were books and records, surgical instruments and optical glass and such things that a practical working burglar wouldn’t look at twice. |
| olfactory | connected with the sense of smell | Since becoming my chess partner, Rooster Jim had improved in the olfactory department. |
| tactile | connected with the sense of touch | I first become fully aware of my own tactile sense |
| sensual | connected with your physical feelings | The unmade bed, the mess of discarded clothes, a towel on the floor, the room’s equatorial warmth were disablingly sensual. |
| sensory | connected with physical senses | There are those that allow us to know something that we could have known by direct sensory experience if we had been present at the right time. |
| vocal | connected with the voice | I held each dog as the doctor injected nembutal into its veins to make it unconscious; then I held the dog’s jaws open as the doctor inserted the scalpel and severed the vocal cords. |
| cardiovascular | connected with the heart and blood vessels | Martin says that the King beating was precisely what one would expect when two parties”both with soaring heartbeats and predatory cardiovascular reactions”encounter each other after a chase. |
| carnal | connected with the body | But maybe it was my whiny Holden Caulfield imitation of a boy in need of carnal therapy that got me nowhere. |
| cervical | connected with the neck | Most cervical cancers are carcinomas, which grow from the epithelial cells that cover the cervix and protect its surface. |
| cutaneous | connected with the skin | I don’t realize I’m checking my palms for creeping lesions, eruptions called cutaneous larva migrans, until Grandma gives me The Eye-Roll. |
| enteric | connected with the intestine | Another is a program providing $70 million for research on enteric fermentation – the digestive process in which some animals produce gas and the largest single source of methane emissions from agriculture. |
| facial | connected with the person’s face | But it was useless, only a few facial expressions told me I had gotten through. |
| gastric | connected with the stomach | I am the note from James dissolving in her gastric acid, unread. |
| manual | connected with using the hands | Even with my manual chair, it’s a pain. |
| ocular | connected with the eyes | The ocular pectin in their eyes had developed. |
| oral | connected with the mouth | Those who passed the written test took an oral exam that was rigged to disqualify even the most highly educated blacks. |
| pectoral | connected with the chest or breast | Gilgamesh faced us both, arms folded across his massive pectorals, and for a moment, he was the man in charge once more”the king. |
| pulmonary | connected with lungs | Mom explained that she had pulmonary fibrosis, and it was getting worse, but I was seven years old, and pulmonary fibrosis were two big, grown-up words I didn’t understand. |
| spinal | connected with the spine (back bone) | I was actually bom with too much cerebral spinal fluid inside my skull. |
| aborigines | original inhabitants of a country | Taiwan’s aborigines had the island largely to themselves until mainland Chinese began settling in large numbers within the last thousand years. |
| absolutism | a system of government in which ruler has total power | According to the moral absolutism that characterizes McCandless’s beliefs, a challenge in which a successful outcome is assured isn’t a challenge at all. |
| anarchy | absence of government | Over the next two years the political discord, fueled by the Congress Party and the Church, slid into anarchy. |
| coalition | a government formed by more than one country | Before going to law school, he’d worked in Chicago for three years as a community organizer, earning $12,000 a year from a nonprofit that bound together a coalition of churches. |
| compatriot | a person belonging to same country as somebody else | In search of compatriots, they used to trail their fingers, at the start of each new semester, through the columns of the university directory, circling surnames familiar to their part of the world. |
| condominium | a country ruled by two countries | He lives in a high-rise condominium on the beach in Florida. |
| deport | to send an unwanted person out of the country | I heard that those come with a special stamp on identification cards that allows Jews to be out past curfew, to not be deported. |
| exile | to send somebody out of one’s native country | She had been living in exile in the United Kingdom since I was two years old, but I had been hearing about her for years. |
| extradite | to send back the criminal to the country | Holmes confessed to the fraud and agreed to be extradited to Philadelphia for trial. |
| imperialism | the policy of extending a country’s empire and influence | But elsewhere the struggle against imperialism was on the march. |
| alien | a person who is not the citizen of country | Nothing we learn about them is alien to ourselves. |
| ambassador | a person representing a state in a foreign country | The British ambassador registered a protest, the American Embassy in Paris was stoned, and Canada sued the United States for over $386,000. |
| anarchist | a person who tries to subvert a government | On the night of November 7, 1919, Palmer launched his campaign of rounding up suspected anarchists and Communist agitators for the purpose of deporting them from the United States. |
| cosmopolitan | a person who regards the whole world as his country | He was Lewis Ellsworth Akeley, an implausibly cosmopolitan figure on the rural campus. |
| emigrant | a person who goes to live in a foreign country | They were Europeans, or descendants of European emigrants to America. |
| infiltrator | a person who sneaks into a country | For an infiltrator, this posed a particularly sticky problem: What would happen if he were called upon to inflict violence? |
| loyalist | a person who is loyal to the government | To be a Swann loyalist, as Lawrence was, meant being prepared to pack one’s academic bags on short notice. |
| martyr | a person who died for the sake of his country | She sits down next to me, crunching and martyring her way through the bowl of dry cereal, eyeing my plate the whole time. |
| patriot | a person who loves own country | Wintergreen accepted his role of digging and filling up holes with all the uncomplaining dedication of a true patriot. |
| rebel | a person who takes up arms against government | We were fired upon, and heard shots in the night, signals between rebels on opposite shores, but knew nothing of what these shots might mean, the language of ordnance spoken in the gloom. |
| smuggler | a person who illegally and secretly imports or exports goods into or from a country | Another friend is panic-stricken when her three-year-old son is caught by Border Patrol agents as a smuggler tries to cross him into the United States. |
| aristocracy | a system of government by the nobles | It is as if composers felt their job was not to join the revolutionaries, but to keep the aristocracy calm. |
| autocracy | a system of government by a dictator or single person | “Right now, you see this increasingly autocratic government in Turkey, and one of the things it wants to do is ban Twitter, because it knows that Twitter is the opposite of autocracy.” |
| bureaucracy | a system of government by civil servants (officials) | To its critics, the World Health Organization was an entangled, muddled bureaucracy that had two mottoes: “Slow down” and “It’s not our fault.” |
| democracy | a system of government by the people | In their eyes, he was a danger to democracy””a man who flouted the authority of the Senate, who overrode the Constitution while his followers cheered.” |
| gerontocracy | a system of government by old people | Until then, they say, the west was still in the grip of the sclerotic gerontocracy represented by Eisenhower and Khrushchev. |
| monarchy | a system of government by a king or queen | On April 19, barely a week before the election, Chief Buthelezi accepted the offer of a consti-tutional role for the Zulu monarchy and agreed to participate. |
| oligarchy | a system of government by the few | It had long been realized that the only secure basis for oligarchy is collectivism. |
| plutocracy | a system of government by the rich | “It’s about the difference between National Socialism and a plutocracy.” |
| theocracy | a system of government by the gods | When a pastor in Bethlehem explains to Bingham IV that his donations support a theocracy that makes Palestinian Christians second-class citizens, Bingham simply insists that it’s all part of God’s plan. |
| ambiguity | the state of having more than one possible meaning | Oracular ambiguity or statistical probability provides loopholes, and discrepancies are expunged by Faith. |
| anonymity | the state of remaining unknown to most of the people | The anonymity and disconnectedness of the Internet allows me to present that persona to you. |
| anxiety | the state of being nervous or worried | Like her father, she also suffered from bouts of insomnia and anxiety. |
| bliss | the state of perfect happiness | I let myself get deliriously lost in the bliss. |
| blockage | the state of being blocked | And sometimes a slicer is not working fast enough but the bread keeps coming and there is a blockage. |
| chaos | the state of complete confusion | Despite the orchestrated chaos of our home, we always ate meals at a certain time, always did homework at a certain time, and always went to bed at a certain time. |
| coexistence | the state of being together in the same place at the same time | From 2000 to 2008, South Korea propped up the North”and bought itself a measure of peaceful coexistence”with huge unconditional gifts of fertilizer and food, along with generous investment. |
| cohesion | the state of keeping together | “Our world has a remarkable cohesion”a set of elements that make up everything in it. Everything in it. Leaf and beetle, tongue and teeth, iron and water, honey and gold. Azoth is…” |
| complacent | the state of being completely satisfied with yourself | Two night riders, tall and densely proportioned, idled on the porch smoking their pipes with complacent sloth. |
| complexity | the state of being difficult to understand | She wanted to reveal her past to him in its ugliness and beauty, its courage and complexity. |
| composure | the state of being calm and in control of your feelings | Summoning a host of reporters to the hotel lobby, he lost his ever- genial composure for the first and only time in his public life. |
| confinement | the state of being forced to stay in prison | When it came time for her to put him back, she’d sweetened his confinement by placing her last bit of sugar on his tongue. |
| congestion | the state of being crowded | The other end he slings through a bent strut wedged into the congestion of timber, stone, and plaster that has become their ceiling. |
| consciousness | the state of being able to use your senses | When the commotion finally stopped, Cole lay completely spent, drifting in and out of consciousness. |
| curvature | the state of being curved | One therefore has a theory that seems to predict that certain quantities, such as the curvature of space-time, are really infinite, yet these quantities can be observed and measured to be perfectly finite! |
| decrepitude | the state of being old and in poor condition | It was then that it occurred to her that her clumsiness was not the first victory of decrepitude and darkness but a sentence passed by time. |
| deficiency | the state of not having essential things | She was getting the act cheap, and she had to admit that die bird was very good, a skilled and professional performer who almost made up for the act’s human deficiencies. |
| deliverance | the state of being rescued from danger, or evil | I asked, “Why would You take my sister? Why did You say no when I asked for my sister’s deliverance?” |
| depravity | the state of being morally bad | When Mom wakes me up for evening prayers, I’m clutching an old Franklin Covey agenda, one that contains a series of arguments to prove Caliban’s depravity. |
| depression | the state of being completely hopeless | He saw the emotional effect the injury was having on Boobie”the prolonged periods of depression as one Friday night after another just came and went. |
| destitute | the state of being bereft of all possessions | “Are there not enough destitute in this city without the whole of India flocking in?” |
| detachment | the state of not being involved in emotional way | I had begun this experiment in a spirit of scientific detachment. |
| duality | the state of not having two parts or aspects | By the wave/ particle duality of quantum mechanics, light can be regarded as both a wave and a particle. |
| enchantment | the state of being under a magic spell | But at that moment she knew that it was not the thing to say out loud, and besides she could tell from her mother’s voice that it was nothing like an enchantment, not at all. |
| equilibrium | the state of perfect balance | It takes only the smallest of changes to shatter an epidemic’s equilibrium. |
| equanimity | the state of being calm in difficult situations | But usually the baby just lay in Charles’s lap, staring up at his father’s face with pleasure and equanimity. |
| exhaustion | the state of being extremely tired | Every part of her was trembling with cold, exhaustion, and despair. |
| falsity | the state of not being genuine | Despite what some saw as the transparent falsity of the charges, Osborne was indicted by a Westchester grand jury. |
| ferment | the state of political or social excitement | It stank, and there was that other smell, distinct to Windfall: ferment. |
| frenzy | the state of strong and uncontrolled emotions | I came back, and before I knew it I was involved in a fullblown cleaning frenzy. |
| fury | the state of being extremely angry | It was an act of impossible fate, because in the confusion of her indignation, in the fury of her shame, she had lied to him so that he would never know her real identity. |
| gaiety | the state of being full of fun | A kind of hell-for-leather gaiety invaded the city. |
| hilarity | the state of extreme amusement | This was done to the great hilarity of the crowd, but to the increasing resentment of the young man. |
| immersion | the state of being completely involved in something | When I stepped out of the immersion bay, Og was standing there waiting for me. |
| immunity | the state of being protected from something | But it was only an occasional, terrible visitor in the Americas, which meant that most adult colonists had not acquired childhood immunity. |
| impurity | the state of being very dirty | “I thought I had inherited both the scars of the fire and the impurities which made the fire necessary”all inherited, I thought. All inherited. Do you feel that way?” |
| incomprehensible | the state of not being able to understand something | He had probably completed biology by now, she guessed, and would be studying higher mathematics, or astrophysics, or biochemistry, one of the subjects that was whispered about, when they were young, as incomprehensibly difficult. |
| inequity | the state of being unfair | They also appear to have increased inequity, creating a chasm between those who have figured out how to trade and those who have not. |
| infamy | the state of being known for something bad | Notoriety and infamy quickly evolve into celebrity and fame for scythes”and the most brazen acts harden further into legend. |
| infinity | the state of having no end or limit | Yet Zeno’s paradox was so powerful that the Greeks tried over and over to explain away his infinities. |
| insanity | the state of being mad | Former mayor of Atlanta and U.S. ambassador Andrew Young once described Shuttlesworth as “fearless to the point of insanity.” |
| insouciance | the state of not being worried about anything | Rishi wondered if he practiced that maddening insouciance in the mirror or if it came naturally. |
| integrity | the state of being whole and undivided | Yet the integrity and the strength of his character had not changed. |
| intimacy | the state of having a close personal relationship | The Hand’s private audience chamber was not so large as the kinjg’s, nor a patch on the vastness of the throne room, but Tyrion liked its Myrish rugs, wall hangings, and sense of intimacy. |
| isolation | the state of being separate | But there were deeper, uglier reasons for his isolation. |
| kingship | the state of being a king | My heart told me that I was a Thembu, that I had been raised and sent to school so that I could play a special role in perpetuating the kingship. |
| lethargy | the state of not having any enthusiasm | About noon she got into a sort of lethargy which we did not like; although we kept silence to the others, we were neither of us happy about it. |
| liberty | the state of not being a slave | Only Freddie the janitor took liberties with Macon Dead, liberties he purchased with the services he rendered, and Freddie was the last person on earth to tell him. |
| maternity | the state of being a mother | The maternity ward is dangerous because people there are happy. |
| maturity | the state of being fully grown | So he decided to put the change down to growing maturity in his daughter. |
| neutrality | the state of not supporting either in a competition, fight, etc. | He had declared his country’s neutrality”had said America would not side with either country. |
| paradise | a state of perfect happiness | The current was pulling our rowboat toward what looked like a tropical paradise. |
| possession | the state of owning something | So instead of Bodega getting fifteen to twenty for selling drugs, he only got five for possession, then got paroled in three for good behavior. |
| prosperity | the state of having a lot of money | An American is supposed to have life, liberty, prosperity, and happiness. |
| quietude | the state of being still and quiet | I could imagine her tramping through the rooms, perhaps paying sixpence for admission, ripping the quietude with her sharp, staccato laugh. |
| redundancy | the state of not being necessary | Here’s a redundancy for you, a wording that seems to repeat itself: The reason Rex stayed home is because robbers tied him up. |
| religiosity | the state of being too religious | I thought it necessary to update some of the words so that the religiosity and naivety of the time, which were genuine, would not seem too quaint to the modem ear. |
| savage | the state of being uncivilized | He put the letters in his pocket and stood up, and almost at once Lyra was there, wild-eyed, with Pantalaimon a snarling savage wildcat, too distraught to hide. |
| sanctity | the state of being holy | It must be, if only to preserve the sanctity of your mind. |
| satiety | the state of being completely full of food | He was as miserably isolated now as he had been when the service began”more isolated by reason of his unreplenished emptiness, his dead satiety. |
| seclusion | the state of having little contact with other people | “Instead you chose to live in complete seclusion on Never-Ending Mountain.” |
| sedation | the state of being under influence of drugs | He drew solace and sedation from her nearness. |
| similitude | the state of being similar to something else | But despite these efforts and their popularity, a similitude often prevails: D.J.’s spinning electronic music, talks, art-house movies and the indispensable cash bar. |
| solitude | the state of being alone in a pleasant way | The terror and solitude of that empty world flood back to me and I pull away. |
| solvency | the state of not being in debt | The COs couldn’t figure it out, because these men could never support the women, and the goal of solvency animated officers’ entire lives. |
| sovereignty | the state of being a country with full freedom to rule | In the Soviet Union these include capitalism, God, and the surrender of national sovereignty; in the United States, socialism, atheism, and the surrender of national sovereignty. |
| stardom | the state of being very famous as an actor | I guess part of that stardom will come at Mike’s expense. |
| starvation | the state of being without food for long time | The day they succumbed to starvation, he flew down the Schoharie gorge and up over the mountains of Delhi. |
| survival | the state of being alive despite difficulties | After all, what creature in nature despised its own existence and felt shame for its means of survival? |
| susceptibility | the state of being affected by something | To confirm the diagnosis, samples of each patient’s TB had to be regrown in cultures and tested for drug susceptibility. |
| triviality | the state of being unimportant | The centaur had a tendency to go completely hyper over trivialities. |
| validity | the state of being legally acceptable | If the concept of God has any validity or any use, it can only be to make us larger, freer, and more loving. |
| utopia | the state of highest perfection | Not that the Garden was ever a utopia, hell no, but before I only worried about GDs and Crowns. |
| vexation | the state of being very upset | He joined them on their entering the town, and attended them to their aunt’s where his regret and vexation, and the concern of everybody, was well talked over. |
| absolution | a statement that somebody is forgiven for what they have done wrong | I thought I’d feel guilty, like I betrayed her, but what I feel”particularly in light of Charlie’s sympathetic nodding”is more like absolution. |
| accusation | a statement showing that somebody is guilty of doing something wrong – | I have always felt about this accusation that the black “leader” whom white men consider to be “responsible” is invariably the black “leader” who never gets any results. |
| acknowledgement | a statement at the beginning of a book by writer to expresses gratitude – | The goblin bowed his great domed head in acknowledgement, then flexed his short legs. |
| admission | a statement in which somebody accepts that they have done something wrong or illegal | Our admission ticket into these groups is not our thoughts or our feelings. |
| affidavit | a statement that you swear is true, and that can be used in court as evidence | Mother remembered one date, Dad another, and Grandma-down-the-hill, who went to town and swore an affidavit that I was her granddaughter, gave a third date. |
| amendment | a statement of a change to the constitution | The National Woman Suffrage Association had been working toward an amendment to the US Constitution. |
| amnesty | an official statement that allows guilty people to go free | He wore civilian clothes, replaced the soldiers with unarmed policemen, enforced the amnesty laws, and helped a few families of Liberals who had been killed in the war. |
| apology | a statement that somebody is sorry for something wrong | The girl gathered her skirt and breathed out a word or two of apology, and, as she hurried past, Mariam would chance a sidelong glance and catch a blush. |
| assertion | a statement that you believe that something is true | But he went on to say that the defense would deny a number of the state’s assertions, including the contention that Umkhonto we Sizwe was the military wing of the ANC. |
| assurance | a statement that something will certainly be true, when there is doubt about it | It had not escaped his notice that, despite Fudge’s assurances at their first meeting, they were now seeing rather a lot of each other, nor that Fudge was becoming more flustered with each visit. |
| calumny | a false statement to damage somebody’s reputation | Yes, the presidency was a thankless job, “a most unpleasant seat, full of thorns, briars, thistles, murmuring, fault-finding, calumny, obloquy.” |
| citation | an official statement that somebody has done something special | Even if they overlooked private property and sheriffs writing citations, most of the highways feature narrow shoulders, in a landscape that gets so pitch-black at night, any car rushing past would likely kill them all. |
| commendation | an official statement that publicly praises somebody | Miss Bennet was therefore established as a sweet girl, and their brother felt authorised by such commendation to think of her as he chose. |
| communiqué | an official statement to newspapers | For the last few hours the communiques have ceased coming down. |
| confirmation | a statement that shows something is true or definite | To the authors’ critics, the lack of confirmation had an obvious cause: the whole three- migrations theory was wrong. |
| denial | a statement that says something is false | The hotel brought a breakfast to our room that, much to my delight, featured deli meat among many other denials of American breakfast constructions. |
| deposition | a formal statement that is taken from somebody and is used in court | Even Nathaniel Blackwood quit stopping by except when hearings and depositions required his presence. |
| dictum | a statement that shows that something is always true or must befollowed | Al Ulbrickson’s “no smoking, no drinking, no chewing, no cussing” dictum always rang like a bell in the backs of their minds. |
| disclaimer | a statement that shows that somebody is not responsible for something | As soon as we get off the bus, Sam starts giving me disclaimers and warnings. |
| endorsement | a public statement that shows your support of somebody or something | “Shame he’s dead. An endorsement from him would have made me rich.” |
| indictment | a written statement that shows that somebody is accused of a crime | Nothing came of the investigation and no additional indictment was handed down. |
| manifesto | a written statement – released before election – that shows policies of apolitical party | One of the older members reads the Abnegation manifesto, which is a short paragraph about forgetting the self and the dangers of self-involvement. |
| paradox | a statement that contains two impossible-looking opposite ideas | Frank saw that the paradox vanished if crystals were not as regular as suspected, but contained dislocations resulting in the perpetual presence of cozy corners into which new molecules could fit. |
| platitude | a statement that has been repeated too many times | Pearl waited for a parental platitude to follow: Life isn’t fair, or Fair doesn’t always mean right. |
| prediction | a statement that shows what will happen in future | In truth, this wasn’t a very profound prediction, because Sulaiman was 80 years old. |
| proclamation | an important official statement that is made to the public | “Once a week by royal proclamation the word market is held here in the great square and people come from everywhere to buy the words they need or trade in the words they haven’t used.” |
| proposition | a statement that shows an opinion | Blanca fought the destruction and decline with the ferocity of a lioness, but it was clear it was a losing proposition. |
| quotation | a statement that shows cost of particular piece of work | I have followed Apollodorus, but I have added the fragment from Simonides, and short quotations from other poets, notably Hesiod and Pindar. |
| retraction | a statement that is made to deny your previous statement | I slam my hand on the ramp’s retraction button”nothing. |
| testimonial | a formal written statement about the quality of something | Real estate advertisements were full of testimonials to its location and appreciating values. |
| testimony | a formal statement given in court | Wells’ testimony, perfected by pre-trial rehearsal, was as tidy as his appearance. |
| affluent | having a lot of money and high standards of living | At the same time, housing subsidies for home owners”who tend to be far more affluent than renters”have remained at their usual munificent levels. |
| allocation | an amount of money that is given to somebody for a particular purpose | Shift schedules, fund allocations, project juggling, out-and-out looting of other projects . . . he’d never pulled so many stunts in his life. |
| annuity | a fixed amount of money paid to somebody each year | He prefers money as a concept and often uses terms such as annuity and fiduciary, words definitely not listed in the dictionary of mindless entertainment. |
| arrears | money that somebody owes that they have not paid at the right time | The pews were decrepit, the bills were once so in arrears the electricity was nearly turned off, and the padre hadn’t installed air-conditioning, despite summer temperatures that reach 120 degrees. |
| avaricious | a person who is greedy for money | It was roughly four times what even the most avaricious moneylender would charge. |
| bailout | an act of giving money to an organization etc. that has very serious financial problems | It was like a rerun of the first Coach bailout when he came and picked me up from school and I said pretty much those exact words. |
| bankrupt | without enough money to pay what you owe | Within two years the farm was bankrupt and the honest Croak was bankrupt, and had hanged himself in his bedchamber, leaving instructions in his will that all his slaves should be manumitted forthwith. |
| barter | to exchange goods or services for other goods or services without using money | At the lake my father bartered with the Muslim businessmen, known as the Yao, who populate that part of the country. |
| bequest | money, property, etc. that you ask to be given to a particular person after your death | He died soon after making this bequest of his life’s work to the stunned younger man, who only weeks before had been a penniless refugee. |
| boarder | a person who pays money to live in a room in somebody else’s house | Making the most of the situation, she began to take in boarders. |
| bonanza | a situation in which people can make a lot of money | These new GMO seeds could be a bonanza for the seed companies. |
| bounty | money given as a reward | Divide thirty-five dollars by, say, three weeks, minus Boseman’s share, and the lost bounty was a very small price to pay for silence and a restful mind. |
| casino | a public building where people play gambling games for money | I walked around the harbor under the trees to the casino, and then up one of the cool streets to the Café Marinas. |
| charity | an act of giving money, or other help to people who are in need | Reverend Van Gogh and Anna felt strongly about bringing up their children with a sense of duty, charity, and morality. |
| coffer | money that a government has available to spend | But to the Inka the brimming coffers signified prestige and plenty; it was all part of the plan. |
| compensation | money that you are paid when you suffer damage of something that you own | If the price of peace was the dissolution of the Union, many people felt that compensation lay in stopping human slaughter. |
| concession | reduction in an amount of money that has to be paid | His one concession to the temperature was that we work indoors and not on the dock in the sun. |
| creditor | a person, organization, etc. that somebody owes money to | Agents working on Roan’s murder case later showed the creditor’s note to an analyst at the Treasury Department, who was known as the “Examiner of Questioned Documents.” |
| deflation | a reduction in the amount of money in a country’s economy | “Sounds more like deflation,” Bit grumbled under his breath, patting his pockets. |
| denomination | a unit of value of money | Like many other evangelicals, some members attend churches that adhere to evangelical doctrine but that remain affiliated with mainline denominations. |
| defraud | to get money in an illegal way from somebody by tricking them | The state racing board, tired of the whole mess, realized that the race’s nonbetting status gave them an out because the public had not been defrauded. |
| dole | money paid by government to unemployed people | A man on the dole needs to keep up with things because all the other men on the dole are experts on what’s going on in the world. |
| donation | a sum of money that is given to an organization or a person in order to help them | It had been around two months since Ruth’s first donation”which, as Laura had said, hadn’t gone at all well. |
| embezzlement | misappropriation of money | If that happened, then whoever took his place would certainly discover the embezzlement. |
| fraud | act of deceiving somebody in order to make money | I felt like such a fraud, using that word. |
| heritage | that is received from ancestors | “Hello, HALEY. Welcome to your American heritage. Let’s begin your voyage!” |
| legacy | gift left by will (a legal document related to inheritance) | It was like all the good and true things he’d ever done didn’t matter, and he, who he was, the legacy he’d worked so hard for, was dissolving, frittering away with every lie they told. |
| materialistic | a person for whom money is the most important thing | It seemed that I simply could not fit into a materialistic life. |
| mercenary | a person who fights for the sake of money | Cain grunted and pressed Renault’s blade, forcing the mercenary to take a step back. |
| pauper | a person who has no money | And once in the new country, arriving in Seattle, she found she had married a pauper. |
| spendthrift | a person who spends his money recklessly | These visits to the zoo holding on to the hand of some conceited spendthrift suitor gave her a lifelong horror of enclosures, walls, cages, and isolation. |
| subsidy | money paid by government to reduce the costs of services, etc. | Overlooked in these reports was the fact that the program in question was a pilot project that offered far more generous child care and other subsidies than Minnesota’s actual welfare reform program. |
| usurer | a person who lends money at high rate | “We shall not deal with those usurers, Mother.” |
| parvenu | a person who has suddenly gained new wealth | Worse, they had begun to attract the wrong sort of people”parvenus from Boston and New York. |
| armorer | a person who repairs arms | “Only wait until morning,” she said, “and you will not go unarmed to battle. I will bring you arms fashioned by the divine armorer, the god Hephaestus himself.” |
| architect | a person who designs buildings | The Tribune said Root was “easily” Chicago’s “most distinguished architect, if indeed he had his superior in the whole country.” |
| auditor | a person who makes an official examination of accounts | Eventually Berkeley’s auditors would bring the fund fully into the formal regime established for all such trust funds, requiring that it be deposited in an interest-bearing bank account and designated as a university asset. |
| bookkeeper | a person who keeps record of the business account | I met no rebuffs, only gentleness when they informed me they could not use my services as typist, bookkeeper, etc. |
| butcher | a person who kills animals and sells their flesh | “You know full well, Stark. This girl of yours attacked my son. Her and her butcher’s boy. That animal of hers tried to tear his arm off.” |
| cartographer | a person who draws maps and charts | From the chair Millard replied, “I’m sorry, but it says right here in plain calligraphy: The Land of Serendip. The peculiar cartographers who made this were not in the business of making things up!” |
| chauffer | a person who drives a car for rich person | I guess you could call him my wheelchair chauffeur. |
| curator | a person who is in charge of a museum/pitch | At first it had seemed like it was going to be a boring trip, because they spent the whole morning with the curator of the Asian Art Museum. |
| dramatist | a person who writes plays | I spent all my time in the library, reading the Jacobean dramatists. |
| editor | a person who is in charge of a newspaper | Thema, who was editor of the newspaper the Bantu World, fiercely criticized the campaign in his paper, claiming that Communists had taken over the ANC and that Indians were exploiting the Africans. |
| geologist | a person who studies the formation of the earth | Even for geologists it barely rates a footnote. |
| journalist | a person who collects and writes news stories for newspaper | The courtroom was filled with domestic and international journalists, and dozens of representatives of foreign governments. |
| lexicographer | a person who compiles dictionary | A peek at the entries for these words in any dictionary will show that Macdonald was wrong about the inevitable degeneration of a language that is not policed by lexicographers. |
| optician | a person who makes or sells spectacles | At the far end of the street, there were signs for various posh businesses: an optician, a doctor, a kitchenware boutique, a maker of ladies’ fine opera gloves. |
| plumber | a person who fits and repairs pipes | And she’s also killed a plumber named Ralph Elliot |
One-word substitution is a linguistic term that refers to the practice of replacing a group of words or a phrase with a single word that conveys the same meaning. In other words, it is the process of replacing a long, complex or difficult phrase with a concise and easy-to-remember word. One-word substitution is often used to make communication more efficient and to avoid redundancy in speech or writing. Examples of one-word substitutions include “photographer” for “a person who takes photographs,” “librarian” for “a person who works in a library,” or “vegetarian” for “a person who does not eat meat.”
Here is the list of few one word substitution.
| sculptor | a person who makes sculpture | In the afternoon a sculptor came, proposing to replace the head of the great bronze harpy in the Plaza of Purification with one cast in Dany’s image. |
| undertaker | a person who manages funerals | The undertaker’s men put them in the kitchen. |
| upholsterer | a person whose job is to cover a bed, chair, etc. with soft materials | She stood there until they had filled her with mortician’s paste and sewn her up with a curved upholsterer’s needle. |
| agglomerate | a collection of different things | This view, that the agglomerate of earth and water was not a perfect sphere, was universally accepted in the later Middle Ages, and the new cosmography required its refutation. |
| album | a collection of photographs or pieces of music | The last three pages of the album were devoted to boys in Greek tunics, crowned with laurel, playing among false Hellenic ruins, with chubby bottoms and heavy eyelashes”repulsive. |
Yes, one-word substitution is important for competitive exams. Many competitive exams, such as the SAT, GRE, GMAT, and various government exams, have a section dedicated to testing the candidates’ vocabulary skills, and one-word substitutions are a crucial part of that section. These exams often test a candidate’s ability to understand and use the correct word in the right context. Therefore, it is important for candidates to have a good understanding of one-word substitutions and to practice
using them to improve their vocabulary skills. Additionally, having a good grasp of one-word substitutions can be useful in other areas of life, such as writing and public speaking, where using precise language can make a big difference in conveying one’s message effectively.
One-word substitution is a linguistic term that refers to the practice of replacing a group of words or a phrase with a single word that conveys the same meaning. In other words, it is the process of replacing a long, complex or difficult phrase with a concise and easy-to-remember word. One-word substitution is often used to make communication more efficient and to avoid redundancy in speech or writing. Examples of one-word substitutions include “photographer” for “a person who takes photographs,” “librarian” for “a person who works in a library,” or “vegetarian” for “a person who does not eat meat.”
Here is the list of 10 one word substitution examples.
| sculptor | a person who makes sculpture | In the afternoon a sculptor came, proposing to replace the head of the great bronze harpy in the Plaza of Purification with one cast in Dany’s image. |
| undertaker | a person who manages funerals | The undertaker’s men put them in the kitchen. |
| upholsterer | a person whose job is to cover a bed, chair, etc. with soft materials | She stood there until they had filled her with mortician’s paste and sewn her up with a curved upholsterer’s needle. |
| agglomerate | a collection of different things | This view, that the agglomerate of earth and water was not a perfect sphere, was universally accepted in the later Middle Ages, and the new cosmography required its refutation. |
| album | a collection of photographs or pieces of music | The last three pages of the album were devoted to boys in Greek tunics, crowned with laurel, playing among false Hellenic ruins, with chubby bottoms and heavy eyelashes”repulsive. |
One-word substitution is important for several reasons:
-
Efficiency: Using a single word to represent a group of words or a phrase makes communication more efficient. It saves time and effort for both the speaker and the listener or reader.
-
Clarity: One-word substitutions can help to eliminate ambiguity in language. Using the right word in the right context can make the meaning of a sentence or phrase clearer and easier to understand.
-
Vocabulary: One-word substitutions are an effective way to build vocabulary. By learning and using one-word substitutes, you can expand your vocabulary and improve your communication skills.
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Precision: Using one-word substitutes can help you to be more precise in your language. It allows you to express a complex idea or concept in a concise and accurate way.
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Writing and Speaking: One-word substitutions can improve both writing and speaking skills. They can be used to make your writing or speech more concise, effective and professional.
In conclusion, one-word substitution is an important tool for effective communication, building vocabulary, and improving writing and speaking skills.
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- English Master
- February 27, 2023
- 10:00 am
- One Comment
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