Word |
Synonyms |
Antonyms |
Meaning |
Example |
Transplant |
Graft, Implant, Transfer |
Remove, Extract, Withdraw |
The process of moving an organ or tissue from one person to another |
The groundbreaking partial face transplant performed by French doctors gained worldwide attention and raised ethical questions. |
Avian Influenza |
Bird Flu, H5N1, Bird Virus |
Human Influenza, Seasonal Flu |
A highly contagious viral infection affecting birds, sometimes transmitted to humans |
In two thousand five, concerns about avian influenza rose as the H5N1 virus appeared in birds in Europe, raising fears of a potential human pandemic. |
Concern |
Worry, Anxiety, Unease |
Assurance, Calmness, Indifference |
A feeling of apprehension or worry about a situation or event |
The global health community expressed great concern about the potential of avian influenza to develop into a form that could easily spread among humans. |
Vaccine |
Immunization, Inoculation, Shot |
Disease, Infection, Vulnerability |
A substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity |
Various countries initiated efforts to develop vaccines against avian influenza to prevent its potential spread among the general population. |
Effectiveness |
Efficacy, Efficiency, Productivity |
Ineffectiveness, Inefficiency, Failure |
The degree to which something achieves its intended purpose |
The effectiveness of avian influenza vaccines remains uncertain until tested in real-world scenarios involving the virus’s transmission among humans. |
Resistance |
Immunity, Defiance, Opposition |
Vulnerability, Submission, Acceptance |
The ability to withstand the effects of a particular treatment or substance |
Recent research suggested that resistance to the antiviral drug Tamiflu may be more common than previously believed, posing challenges in treating influenza. |
AIDS |
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
Health, Well-being, Fitness |
A disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affecting the immune system |
In two thousand five, three million more people died of AIDS-related conditions, highlighting the ongoing global impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. |
Treatment |
Therapy, Medical care, Intervention |
Neglect, Abandonment, Inattention |
Medical procedures or actions taken to cure, manage, or alleviate a disease |
Despite advancements in AIDS treatment efforts, the United Nations reported increases in HIV cases globally, emphasizing the need for continued prevention and care. |
Increase |
Growth, Rise, Expansion |
Decrease, Decline, Reduction |
A rise in the number, quantity, or extent of something |
Most regions experienced an increase in the number of HIV cases, but the Caribbean remained unchanged as the second hardest-hit area after southern Africa. |
Chronic Diseases |
Long-term Illnesses, Persistent Conditions |
Acute Diseases, Short-term Ailments |
Medical conditions that persist over an extended period |
Chronic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes, are major contributors to global mortality and disability among adults. |
Disability |
Impairment, Handicap, Incapacity |
Ability, Capability, Competence |
A physical or mental condition that limits a person’s movements, senses, or activities |
Chronic diseases are a leading cause of disability worldwide, emphasizing the importance of preventive measures and healthier lifestyles. |
Diet |
Nutrition, Food, Regimen |
Malnutrition, Starvation, Fasting |
The kinds of food that a person habitually eats |
Health officials emphasize that a better diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking can significantly reduce the risk of chronic diseases. |
Exercise |
Physical activity, Workout, Training |
Inactivity, Sedentary lifestyle, Laziness |
Physical activity done to maintain or improve health and fitness |
Regular exercise is recommended as a preventive measure against chronic diseases, promoting overall well-being and reducing associated risks. |
Smoking |
Tobacco use, Cigarette consumption |
Non-smoking, Abstinence, Avoidance |
The act of inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning tobacco |
Quitting smoking is a crucial step in reducing the risk of chronic diseases, as smoking is a major contributor to various health issues. |
Pandemic |
Global outbreak, Epidemic, Widespread |
Localized outbreak, Containment |
An outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area |
The fear of avian influenza evolving into a pandemic prompted global efforts to monitor and contain the spread of the virus. |
Gained Attention |
Attracted notice, Captured interest |
Went unnoticed, Ignored, Overlooked |
Attracting awareness or interest from a large audience |
The partial face transplant performed by French doctors gained attention worldwide, sparking discussions about the ethical implications of such medical procedures. |
Ethical Questions |
Moral dilemmas, Ethical concerns |
Unethical behavior, Immorality |
Issues related to morality, principles, and right and wrong conduct |
The partial face transplant raised ethical questions about the appropriateness and potential consequences of such medical interventions. |
Global Community |
International society, World population |
Local community, Regional population |
The community of nations or people worldwide |
The global community expressed collective concern and collaborated to address the potential threats posed by avian influenza, highlighting the interconnectedness of health issues. |
Ongoing Impact |
Continuous influence, Persistent effects |
Temporary influence, Limited effects |
The sustained and lasting effects of a particular phenomenon |
The ongoing impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic underscores the need for ongoing efforts in prevention, treatment, and support for affected individuals and communities. |
Preventive Measures |
Preventative actions, Protective steps |
Reactive responses, Remedial actions |
Actions taken to avoid or reduce the occurrence of a particular event or condition |
Health officials stress the importance of preventive measures, including vaccination, to mitigate the impact of infectious diseases like avian influenza. |